======= CASR =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: CASR
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: calcium sensing receptor
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=846|846]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P41180|P41180]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=CASR&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20CASR|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/601199|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  The protein encoded by this gene is a plasma membrane G protein-coupled receptor that senses small changes in circulating calcium concentration. The encoded protein couples this information to intracellular signaling pathways that modify parathyroid hormone secretion or renal cation handling, and thus this protein plays an essential role in maintaining mineral ion homeostasis. Mutations in this gene are a cause of familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia, neonatal severe hyperparathyroidism, and autosomal dominant hypocalcemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  G-protein-coupled receptor that senses changes in the extracellular concentration of calcium ions and plays a key role in maintaining calcium homeostasis (PubMed:7759551, PubMed:8702647, PubMed:8636323, PubMed:8878438, PubMed:17555508, PubMed:19789209, PubMed:21566075, PubMed:22114145, PubMed:23966241, PubMed:25292184, PubMed:25104082, PubMed:26386835, PubMed:25766501, PubMed:22789683). Senses fluctuations in the circulating calcium concentration and modulates the production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) in parathyroid glands (By similarity). The activity of this receptor is mediated by a G-protein that activates a phosphatidylinositol- calcium second messenger system (PubMed:7759551). The G-protein- coupled receptor activity is activated by a co-agonist mechanism: aromatic amino acids, such as Trp or Phe, act concertedly with divalent cations, such as calcium or magnesium, to achieve full receptor activation (PubMed:27434672, PubMed:27386547). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9QY96, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17555508, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19789209, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21566075, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22114145, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22789683, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23966241, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25104082, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25292184, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25766501, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26386835, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27386547, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27434672, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7759551, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8636323, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8702647, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8878438}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|NCD3G|
|ANF receptor|
|7tm 3|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|bile acid secretion|
|fat pad development|
|detection of calcium ion|
|cellular response to vitamin D|
|cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus|
|chemosensory behavior|
|cellular response to low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus|
|response to hepatocyte growth factor|
|amino acid binding|
|positive regulation of calcium ion import|
|cellular response to vitamin|
|positive regulation of positive chemotaxis|
|regulation of positive chemotaxis|
|phosphatidylinositol phospholipase C activity|
|response to lipoprotein particle|
|cellular response to lipoprotein particle stimulus|
|response to vitamin D|
|vasodilation|
|positive regulation of vasoconstriction|
|adipose tissue development|
|regulation of calcium ion import|
|calcium ion import|
|response to ischemia|
|axon terminus|
|positive regulation of ATPase activity|
|positive regulation of blood vessel diameter|
|regulation of vasoconstriction|
|cellular response to nutrient|
|cellular response to glucose stimulus|
|positive regulation of blood circulation|
|cellular response to hexose stimulus|
|cellular response to monosaccharide stimulus|
|positive regulation of insulin secretion|
|cellular response to carbohydrate stimulus|
|acid secretion|
|regulation of ATPase activity|
|JNK cascade|
|adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway|
|response to vitamin|
|cellular glucose homeostasis|
|chloride transmembrane transport|
|phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway|
|positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion|
|chloride transport|
|stress-activated MAPK cascade|
|inorganic anion transmembrane transport|
|response to fibroblast growth factor|
|positive regulation of calcium ion transport|
|ion channel binding|
|positive regulation of hormone secretion|
|integrin binding|
|branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube|
|positive regulation of chemotaxis|
|monocarboxylic acid transport|
|response to glucose|
|regulation of tube diameter|
|regulation of blood vessel diameter|
|regulation of tube size|
|stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade|
|response to hexose|
|response to monosaccharide|
|response to calcium ion|
|inorganic anion transport|
|morphogenesis of a branching epithelium|
|morphogenesis of a branching structure|
|vascular process in circulatory system|
|response to carbohydrate|
|regulation of insulin secretion|
|glucose homeostasis|
|carbohydrate homeostasis|
|cellular response to hypoxia|
|basolateral plasma membrane|
|cellular response to decreased oxygen levels|
|signaling receptor activity|
|adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway|
|regulation of peptide hormone secretion|
|positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade|
|regulation of chemotaxis|
|response to nutrient|
|cellular response to oxygen levels|
|connective tissue development|
|cellular response to nutrient levels|
|G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger|
|regulation of calcium ion transport|
|calcium ion transport|
|ossification|
|cellular response to extracellular stimulus|
|regulation of hormone secretion|
|positive regulation of protein secretion|
|positive regulation of ion transport|
|anion transmembrane transport|
|regulation of blood circulation|
|positive regulation of peptide secretion|
|carboxylic acid transport|
|organic acid transport|
|regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade|
|divalent metal ion transport|
|divalent inorganic cation transport|
|epithelial tube morphogenesis|
|apical plasma membrane|
|cellular response to peptide|
|cellular response to external stimulus|
|response to hypoxia|
|response to decreased oxygen levels|
|response to metal ion|
|MAPK cascade|
|neuronal cell body|
|response to oxygen levels|
|regulation of metal ion transport|
|blood circulation|
|signal transduction by protein phosphorylation|
|circulatory system process|
|positive regulation of secretion by cell|
|positive regulation of protein transport|
|morphogenesis of an epithelium|
|positive regulation of secretion|
|cellular calcium ion homeostasis|
|calcium ion homeostasis|
|organic anion transport|
|positive regulation of establishment of protein localization|
|protein kinase binding|
|regulation of protein secretion|
|cellular divalent inorganic cation homeostasis|
|response to peptide|
|divalent inorganic cation homeostasis|
|regulation of peptide secretion|
|response to nutrient levels|
|cellular response to growth factor stimulus|
|regulation of anatomical structure size|
|cellular response to lipid|
|detection of chemical stimulus|
|response to extracellular stimulus|
|response to growth factor|
|regulation of hormone levels|
|response to inorganic substance|
|cellular response to organic cyclic compound|
|positive regulation of MAPK cascade|
|positive regulation of locomotion|
|cellular metal ion homeostasis|
|tissue morphogenesis|
|behavior|
|anion transport|
|regulation of system process|
|cellular response to organonitrogen compound|
|positive regulation of response to external stimulus|
|cell surface|
|metal ion homeostasis|
|cellular cation homeostasis|
|metal ion transport|
|cellular ion homeostasis|
|inorganic ion transmembrane transport|
|tube morphogenesis|
|cellular response to nitrogen compound|
|detection of stimulus|
|regulation of ion transport|
|cation homeostasis|
|regulation of protein transport|
|inorganic ion homeostasis|
|calcium ion binding|
|G protein-coupled receptor activity|
|regulation of peptide transport|
|cellular chemical homeostasis|
|regulation of establishment of protein localization|
|regulation of secretion by cell|
|regulation of MAPK cascade|
|positive regulation of hydrolase activity|
|ion homeostasis|
|regulation of secretion|
|cation transport|
|tube development|
|response to lipid|
|protein homodimerization activity|
|cellular homeostasis|
|positive regulation of cell population proliferation|
|response to organic cyclic compound|
|apoptotic process|
|ion transmembrane transport|
|protein phosphorylation|
|regulation of locomotion|
|positive regulation of transport|
|response to organonitrogen compound|
|positive regulation of protein phosphorylation|
|positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction|
|regulation of protein localization|
|programmed cell death|
|cellular response to oxygen-containing compound|
|positive regulation of phosphorylation|
|response to nitrogen compound|
|cell death|
|regulation of response to external stimulus|
|chemical homeostasis|
|epithelium development|
|secretion|
|positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|response to abiotic stimulus|
|cellular response to endogenous stimulus|
|positive regulation of protein modification process|
|transmembrane transport|
|regulation of hydrolase activity|
|phosphorylation|
|G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway|
|ion transport|
|integral component of plasma membrane|
|positive regulation of catalytic activity|
|regulation of protein phosphorylation|
|response to endogenous stimulus|
|response to oxygen-containing compound|
|regulation of phosphorylation|
|positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process|
|regulation of cell population proliferation|
|homeostatic process|
|positive regulation of signal transduction|
|intracellular signal transduction|
|cellular response to stress|
|positive regulation of protein metabolic process|
|positive regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|tissue development|
|positive regulation of molecular function|
|regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|positive regulation of cell communication|
|positive regulation of signaling|
|regulation of intracellular signal transduction|
|regulation of protein modification process|
|regulation of transport|
|system process|
|positive regulation of gene expression|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp1|5-Fluorouracil 2μM R00 exp1]]|-1.79|
|[[:results:exp5|Alpha-Amanitin 0.5μM R00 exp5]]|-1.77|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 0/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|0/28|
|bone|0/26|
|breast|0/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|0/16|
|kidney|0/21|
|liver|0/20|
|lung|0/75|
|lymphocyte|0/16|
|ovary|0/26|
|pancreas|0/24|
|peripheral nervous system|0/16|
|plasma cell|0/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/24|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|0/29|
|uterus|0/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 10881
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: -2.84 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='CASR Expression in NALM6 Cells: -2.84'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>