======= PTN =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: PTN
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: pleiotrophin
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=5764|5764]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P21246|P21246]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=PTN&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20PTN|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/162095|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  Secreted growth factor that induces neurite outgrowth and which is mitogenic for fibroblasts, epithelial, and endothelial cells (PubMed:1768439, PubMed:1733956). Binds anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) which induces MAPK pathway activation, an important step in the anti-apoptotic signaling of PTN and regulation of cell proliferation (PubMed:11278720). Binds to cell-surface target proteins via their chondroitin sulfate groups (PubMed:26896299). Down-regulates PTPRZ1 activity (PubMed:16814777). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11278720, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16814777, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1768439, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26896299}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|PTN MK N|
|PTN MK C|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|rod bipolar cell differentiation|
|response to kainic acid|
|response to ciliary neurotrophic factor|
|dendrite regeneration|
|negative regulation of neuromuscular junction development|
|positive regulation of skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering|
|retinal rod cell differentiation|
|chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan binding|
|heparan sulfate binding|
|positive regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization|
|ossification involved in bone remodeling|
|retinal bipolar neuron differentiation|
|leukocyte chemotaxis involved in inflammatory response|
|regulation of skeletal muscle acetylcholine-gated channel clustering|
|positive regulation of neuromuscular junction development|
|transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase signaling pathway|
|positive regulation of receptor clustering|
|dendrite arborization|
|vascular endothelial growth factor binding|
|syndecan binding|
|negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation|
|positive regulation of hepatocyte proliferation|
|negative regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation|
|positive regulation of axon regeneration|
|positive regulation of neuron projection regeneration|
|chondroitin sulfate binding|
|regulation of neuromuscular junction development|
|neuron projection arborization|
|negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation|
|regulation of receptor clustering|
|thalamus development|
|negative regulation of stem cell proliferation|
|negative regulation of membrane potential|
|leukocyte migration involved in inflammatory response|
|regulation of hepatocyte proliferation|
|negative regulation of glial cell proliferation|
|regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization|
|cellular response to vitamin D|
|estrous cycle|
|camera-type eye photoreceptor cell differentiation|
|cellular response to platelet-derived growth factor stimulus|
|response to platelet-derived growth factor|
|positive regulation of stem cell differentiation|
|positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation|
|negative regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation|
|cellular response to vitamin|
|negative regulation of synapse organization|
|decidualization|
|regulation of axon regeneration|
|response to auditory stimulus|
|regulation of stem cell population maintenance|
|neuron projection regeneration|
|regulation of neuron projection regeneration|
|regulation of glial cell proliferation|
|response to vitamin D|
|regulation of neuroblast proliferation|
|regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation|
|protein phosphatase inhibitor activity|
|maternal placenta development|
|positive regulation of bone mineralization|
|regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation|
|negative regulation of gliogenesis|
|positive regulation of glial cell differentiation|
|regulation of myelination|
|regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation|
|response to progesterone|
|eye photoreceptor cell differentiation|
|bone remodeling|
|receptor clustering|
|positive regulation of biomineral tissue development|
|long-term synaptic potentiation|
|positive regulation of biomineralization|
|bone mineralization|
|retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye|
|response to nerve growth factor|
|neural retina development|
|photoreceptor cell differentiation|
|dendrite morphogenesis|
|negative regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity|
|tissue regeneration|
|positive regulation of response to wounding|
|maternal process involved in female pregnancy|
|regulation of stem cell proliferation|
|response to activity|
|negative regulation of protein dephosphorylation|
|ovulation cycle|
|cellular response to nutrient|
|regulation of glial cell differentiation|
|positive regulation of gliogenesis|
|positive regulation of dendrite development|
|regulation of bone mineralization|
|diencephalon development|
|neuromuscular junction|
|oogenesis|
|positive regulation of animal organ morphogenesis|
|endothelial cell differentiation|
|postsynapse|
|cellular response to UV|
|positive regulation of ossification|
|localization within membrane|
|response to vitamin|
|positive regulation of cell division|
|regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation|
|positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis|
|basement membrane|
|regulation of biomineral tissue development|
|biomineral tissue development|
|regulation of biomineralization|
|biomineralization|
|integrin-mediated signaling pathway|
|presynapse|
|endothelium development|
|regulation of postsynapse organization|
|tissue remodeling|
|cerebellum development|
|dendrite development|
|negative regulation of angiogenesis|
|negative regulation of phosphatase activity|
|negative regulation of blood vessel morphogenesis|
|spinal cord development|
|negative regulation of dephosphorylation|
|metencephalon development|
|camera-type eye morphogenesis|
|regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis|
|cellular response to light stimulus|
|response to amino acid|
|negative regulation of vasculature development|
|regulation of gliogenesis|
|regulation of stem cell differentiation|
|regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity|
|memory|
|positive regulation of cell-substrate adhesion|
|positive regulation of protein localization to membrane|
|negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation|
|liver development|
|hepaticobiliary system development|
|positive regulation of leukocyte migration|
|female gamete generation|
|integrin binding|
|positive regulation of chemotaxis|
|response to estradiol|
|retina development in camera-type eye|
|regulation of protein dephosphorylation|
|response to UV|
|leukocyte chemotaxis|
|learning|
|eye morphogenesis|
|regulation of dendrite development|
|positive regulation of synaptic transmission|
|hindbrain development|
|placenta development|
|regulation of cell shape|
|regeneration|
|regulation of endothelial cell migration|
|growth factor activity|
|regulation of response to wounding|
|regulation of cell division|
|lung development|
|heparin binding|
|respiratory tube development|
|cellular response to radiation|
|regulation of phosphatase activity|
|female pregnancy|
|cellular response to hypoxia|
|positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation|
|regulation of synaptic plasticity|
|regulation of protein localization to membrane|
|regulation of ossification|
|response to ketone|
|regulation of leukocyte migration|
|respiratory system development|
|cellular response to decreased oxygen levels|
|cell chemotaxis|
|regulation of dephosphorylation|
|multi-multicellular organism process|
|regulation of cell-substrate adhesion|
|response to mechanical stimulus|
|regulation of chemotaxis|
|response to nutrient|
|cellular response to oxygen levels|
|regulation of synapse organization|
|regulation of epithelial cell migration|
|regulation of synapse structure or activity|
|cellular response to nutrient levels|
|germ cell development|
|sensory organ morphogenesis|
|regulation of animal organ morphogenesis|
|negative regulation of cell migration|
|learning or memory|
|ossification|
|cellular response to extracellular stimulus|
|negative regulation of cell motility|
|rhythmic process|
|positive regulation of neuron projection development|
|regulation of angiogenesis|
|negative regulation of neurogenesis|
|cognition|
|response to light stimulus|
|negative regulation of cellular component movement|
|negative regulation of nervous system development|
|camera-type eye development|
|cellular response to environmental stimulus|
|cellular response to abiotic stimulus|
|regulation of vasculature development|
|negative regulation of locomotion|
|positive regulation of cellular protein localization|
|response to steroid hormone|
|regulation of epithelial cell proliferation|
|negative regulation of cell development|
|cellular response to external stimulus|
|response to hypoxia|
|response to acid chemical|
|cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism|
|response to decreased oxygen levels|
|eye development|
|visual system development|
|sensory system development|
|positive regulation of neuron differentiation|
|leukocyte migration|
|response to oxygen levels|
|positive regulation of cell projection organization|
|forebrain development|
|developmental growth|
|growth|
|positive regulation of cell adhesion|
|gland development|
|reproductive structure development|
|reproductive system development|
|regulation of membrane potential|
|cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation|
|response to radiation|
|modulation of chemical synaptic transmission|
|regulation of trans-synaptic signaling|
|regulation of hemopoiesis|
|negative regulation of hydrolase activity|
|protein kinase binding|
|positive regulation of neurogenesis|
|wound healing|
|neuron projection morphogenesis|
|protein localization to membrane|
|plasma membrane bounded cell projection morphogenesis|
|regulation of cell morphogenesis|
|cell projection morphogenesis|
|regulation of neuron projection development|
|inflammatory response|
|response to nutrient levels|
|positive regulation of cell migration|
|cellular response to growth factor stimulus|
|cell part morphogenesis|
|cellular response to lipid|
|positive regulation of cell motility|
|heart development|
|response to growth factor|
|response to extracellular stimulus|
|positive regulation of nervous system development|
|positive regulation of cellular component movement|
|regulation of cellular protein localization|
|positive regulation of cell development|
|cellular response to organic cyclic compound|
|sensory organ development|
|chemotaxis|
|taxis|
|positive regulation of locomotion|
|cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation|
|negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|negative regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|response to wounding|
|behavior|
|negative regulation of protein modification process|
|protein-containing complex|
|positive regulation of response to external stimulus|
|cell surface|
|positive regulation of apoptotic process|
|positive regulation of programmed cell death|
|regulation of neuron differentiation|
|neuron projection development|
|developmental process involved in reproduction|
|negative regulation of cell population proliferation|
|epithelial cell differentiation|
|regulation of cell adhesion|
|gamete generation|
|regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization|
|positive regulation of cell death|
|perinuclear region of cytoplasm|
|negative regulation of cellular component organization|
|regulation of cell projection organization|
|negative regulation of cell differentiation|
|enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway|
|cell morphogenesis|
|regulation of cellular response to stress|
|brain development|
|head development|
|negative regulation of catalytic activity|
|neuron development|
|regulation of neurogenesis|
|cellular component morphogenesis|
|multicellular organismal reproductive process|
|sexual reproduction|
|multicellular organism reproduction|
|tube development|
|regulation of cell migration|
|response to lipid|
|circulatory system development|
|response to hormone|
|regulation of cell motility|
|regulation of cellular localization|
|positive regulation of cell population proliferation|
|response to organic cyclic compound|
|regulation of nervous system development|
|regulation of cell development|
|negative regulation of developmental process|
|animal organ morphogenesis|
|cell migration|
|positive regulation of cell differentiation|
|central nervous system development|
|regulation of locomotion|
|regulation of cellular component movement|
|multi-organism reproductive process|
|response to organonitrogen compound|
|endoplasmic reticulum|
|neuron differentiation|
|response to drug|
|regulation of protein localization|
|negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process|
|cellular response to oxygen-containing compound|
|regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis|
|localization of cell|
|cell motility|
|response to nitrogen compound|
|regulation of response to external stimulus|
|negative regulation of protein metabolic process|
|epithelium development|
|plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization|
|negative regulation of molecular function|
|positive regulation of immune system process|
|response to abiotic stimulus|
|cell projection organization|
|negative regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|positive regulation of cellular component organization|
|cellular response to endogenous stimulus|
|regulation of hydrolase activity|
|locomotion|
|defense response|
|positive regulation of developmental process|
|nervous system process|
|reproductive process|
|reproduction|
|response to endogenous stimulus|
|regulation of response to stress|
|generation of neurons|
|regulation of apoptotic process|
|movement of cell or subcellular component|
|response to oxygen-containing compound|
|regulation of programmed cell death|
|cellular protein localization|
|cellular macromolecule localization|
|extracellular space|
|regulation of cell population proliferation|
|neurogenesis|
|cell development|
|regulation of immune system process|
|regulation of cell death|
|cellular response to stress|
|positive regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|tissue development|
|regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|regulation of cell differentiation|
|positive regulation of cell communication|
|positive regulation of signaling|
|regulation of protein modification process|
|extracellular region|
|system process|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
No hits were found.
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 0/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|0/28|
|bone|0/26|
|breast|0/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|0/16|
|kidney|0/21|
|liver|0/20|
|lung|0/75|
|lymphocyte|0/16|
|ovary|0/26|
|pancreas|0/24|
|peripheral nervous system|0/16|
|plasma cell|0/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/24|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|0/29|
|uterus|0/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 13559
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: -4.6 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='PTN Expression in NALM6 Cells: -4.6'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>