======= APEX2 =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: APEX2
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 2
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=27301|27301]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9UBZ4|Q9UBZ4]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=APEX2&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20APEX2|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/300773|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites occur frequently in DNA molecules by spontaneous hydrolysis, by DNA damaging agents or by DNA glycosylases that remove specific abnormal bases. AP sites are pre-mutagenic lesions that can prevent normal DNA replication so the cell contains systems to identify and repair such sites. Class II AP endonucleases cleave the phosphodiester backbone 5' to the AP site. This gene encodes a protein shown to have a weak class II AP endonuclease activity. Most of the encoded protein is located in the nucleus but some is also present in mitochondria. This protein may play an important role in both nuclear and mitochondrial base excision repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding multiple isoforms have been observed for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2012]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  Function as a weak apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease in the DNA base excision repair (BER) pathway of DNA lesions induced by oxidative and alkylating agents. Initiates repair of AP sites in DNA by catalyzing hydrolytic incision of the phosphodiester backbone immediately adjacent to the damage, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends. Displays also double-stranded DNA 3'-5' exonuclease, 3'-phosphodiesterase activities. Shows robust 3'-5' exonuclease activity on 3'-recessed heteroduplex DNA and is able to remove mismatched nucleotides preferentially. Shows fairly strong 3'-phosphodiesterase activity involved in the removal of 3'-damaged termini formed in DNA by oxidative agents. In the nucleus functions in the PCNA-dependent BER pathway. Required for somatic hypermutation (SHM) and DNA cleavage step of class switch recombination (CSR) of immunoglobulin genes. Required for proper cell cycle progression during proliferation of peripheral lymphocytes. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11376153, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16687656, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19443450}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|Exo endo phos|
|zf-GRF|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|double-stranded DNA 3-5 exodeoxyribonuclease activity|
|phosphodiesterase I activity|
|class I DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity|
|DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity|
|endonuclease activity|
|base-excision repair|
|fibrillar center|
|DNA recombination|
|nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis|
|DNA repair|
|intracellular membrane-bounded organelle|
|DNA metabolic process|
|cellular response to DNA damage stimulus|
|zinc ion binding|
|mitochondrion|
|cell cycle|
|DNA binding|
|cellular response to stress|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp535|Trimetrexate 0.03μM R08 exp535]]|-3.27|
|[[:results:exp332|Adefovir 20μM R07 exp332]]|-3.06|
|[[:results:exp294|Nutlin-3A 1.6μM R06 exp294]]|-2.23|
|[[:results:exp517|Quercetin 20μM R08 exp517]]|-2.12|
|[[:results:exp230|Epigallocatechin gallate 20μM R05 exp230]]|-2.07|
|[[:results:exp487|Hinokiflavone 12μM R08 exp487]]|-1.99|
|[[:results:exp446|4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide 0.5μM R08 exp446]]|-1.86|
|[[:results:exp48|Mubritinib 0.2μM R01 exp48]]|-1.8|
|[[:results:exp534|Trientine 500μM R08 exp534]]|-1.8|
|[[:results:exp346|CoCl2 18μM R07 exp346]]|-1.75|
|[[:results:exp512|Olaparib 4μM R08 exp512]]|-1.75|
|[[:results:exp520|Rucaparib 6.5μM R08 exp520]]|-1.74|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
^Gene^Correlation^
|[[:human genes:s:smarcal1|SMARCAL1]]|0.437|
|[[:human genes:u:ube2e1|UBE2E1]]|0.408|
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 17/694
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|0/26|
|bone|0/26|
|breast|2/30|
|central nervous system|3/49|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/11|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|1/14|
|kidney|1/18|
|liver|0/19|
|lung|1/72|
|lymphocyte|0/16|
|ovary|2/25|
|pancreas|0/22|
|peripheral nervous system|0/15|
|plasma cell|0/12|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/20|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|1/28|
|uterus|1/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 2188
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: 5.06 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='APEX2 Expression in NALM6 Cells: 5.06'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>