======= APOE =======
== Gene Information ==
* **Official Symbol**: APOE
* **Official Name**: apolipoprotein E
* **Aliases and Previous Symbols**: N/A
* **Entrez ID**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=348|348]]
* **UniProt**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P02649|P02649]]
* **Interactions**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=APOE&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
* **PubMed articles**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20APOE|Open PubMed]]
* **OMIM**: [[https://omim.org/entry/107741|Open OMIM]]
== Function Summary ==
* **Entrez Summary**: The protein encoded by this gene is a major apoprotein of the chylomicron. It binds to a specific liver and peripheral cell receptor, and is essential for the normal catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents. This gene maps to chromosome 19 in a cluster with the related apolipoprotein C1 and C2 genes. Mutations in this gene result in familial dysbetalipoproteinemia, or type III hyperlipoproteinemia (HLP III), in which increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides are the consequence of impaired clearance of chylomicron and VLDL remnants. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016].
* **UniProt Summary**: Mediates the binding, internalization, and catabolism of lipoprotein particles. It can serve as a ligand for the LDL (apo B/E) receptor and for the specific apo-E receptor (chylomicron remnant) of hepatic tissues. {ECO:0000303|PubMed:3283935}.
|Apolipoprotein|
|positive regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding|
|lipoprotein particle|
|regulation of cellular response to very-low-density lipoprotein particle stimulus|
|positive regulation of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier|
|intermediate-density lipoprotein particle clearance|
|regulation of lipid transport across blood-brain barrier|
|positive regulation of heparan sulfate binding|
|regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding|
|metal chelating activity|
|negative regulation of presynaptic membrane organization|
|regulation of heparan sulfate binding|
|lipid transport involved in lipid storage|
|regulation of presynaptic membrane organization|
|positive regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process|
|regulation of phospholipid efflux|
|response to caloric restriction|
|discoidal high-density lipoprotein particle|
|positive regulation of phospholipid efflux|
|very-low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding|
|positive regulation of amyloid fibril formation|
|glutamate receptor clustering|
|AMPA glutamate receptor clustering|
|NMDA glutamate receptor clustering|
|positive regulation of dendritic spine maintenance|
|negative regulation of cholesterol metabolic process|
|intermediate-density lipoprotein particle|
|positive regulation of receptor catabolic process|
|negative regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of amyloid fibril formation|
|positive regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization|
|negative regulation of sterol biosynthetic process|
|phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase activator activity|
|very-low-density lipoprotein particle clearance|
|regulation of low-density lipoprotein particle receptor catabolic process|
|regulation of Cdc42 protein signal transduction|
|lipoprotein particle binding|
|positive regulation of amyloid-beta clearance|
|neurotransmitter-gated ion channel clustering|
|chylomicron remnant clearance|
|regulation of amyloid fibril formation|
|triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle clearance|
|regulation of behavioral fear response|
|positive regulation of phospholipid transport|
|regulation of fear response|
|positive regulation of cholesterol esterification|
|regulation of phospholipid transport|
|chylomicron remodeling|
|negative regulation of triglyceride metabolic process|
|chylomicron assembly|
|regulation of receptor catabolic process|
|very-low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling|
|high-density lipoprotein particle clearance|
|regulation of cholesterol esterification|
|regulation of dendritic spine maintenance|
|negative regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation|
|phospholipid efflux|
|locomotory exploration behavior|
|low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling|
|chylomicron|
|cholesterol catabolic process|
|negative regulation of amyloid-beta formation|
|sterol catabolic process|
|high-density lipoprotein particle assembly|
|negative regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process|
|fatty acid homeostasis|
|regulation of postsynaptic membrane organization|
|triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle remodeling|
|synaptic cleft|
|endocytic vesicle lumen|
|positive regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis|
|lipoprotein catabolic process|
|negative regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process|
|low-density lipoprotein particle|
|regulation of amyloid-beta clearance|
|reverse cholesterol transport|
|heparan sulfate proteoglycan binding|
|positive regulation of cholesterol efflux|
|positive regulation by host of viral process|
|high-density lipoprotein particle remodeling|
|antioxidant activity|
|amyloid precursor protein metabolic process|
|cholesterol transfer activity|
|negative regulation of platelet activation|
|very-low-density lipoprotein particle|
|regulation of protein homooligomerization|
|nitric oxide mediated signal transduction|
|positive regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity|
|low-density lipoprotein particle receptor binding|
|high-density lipoprotein particle|
|regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis|
|positive regulation of sterol transport|
|positive regulation of cholesterol transport|
|regulation of cholesterol efflux|
|negative regulation of steroid biosynthetic process|
|cholesterol efflux|
|negative regulation of synapse organization|
|negative regulation of steroid metabolic process|
|cGMP-mediated signaling|
|plasma lipoprotein particle assembly|
|exploration behavior|
|synaptic transmission, cholinergic|
|triglyceride catabolic process|
|steroid catabolic process|
|positive regulation of monooxygenase activity|
|response to dietary excess|
|positive regulation of steroid metabolic process|
|regulation of amyloid-beta formation|
|plasma lipoprotein particle remodeling|
|protein-lipid complex remodeling|
|modulation by host of viral process|
|lipid storage|
|postsynaptic membrane organization|
|protein-containing complex remodeling|
|protein-lipid complex assembly|
|lipid transporter activity|
|vasodilation|
|regulation of platelet activation|
|negative regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration|
|long-term memory|
|clathrin-coated endocytic vesicle membrane|
|regulation of amyloid precursor protein catabolic process|
|triglyceride homeostasis|
|acylglycerol homeostasis|
|neutral lipid catabolic process|
|regulation of triglyceride metabolic process|
|acylglycerol catabolic process|
|negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation|
|virion assembly|
|plasma lipoprotein particle clearance|
|cholesterol biosynthetic process|
|regulation of protein oligomerization|
|regulation of cholesterol biosynthetic process|
|regulation of sterol biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of dendritic spine development|
|secondary alcohol biosynthetic process|
|plasma lipoprotein particle organization|
|regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity|
|regulation of long-term synaptic potentiation|
|tau protein binding|
|regulation of cholesterol transport|
|receptor clustering|
|regulation of sterol transport|
|sterol biosynthetic process|
|protein-lipid complex subunit organization|
|negative regulation of endothelial cell migration|
|negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process|
|cholesterol binding|
|negative regulation of blood coagulation|
|positive regulation of anion transport|
|negative regulation of hemostasis|
|negative regulation of coagulation|
|regulation of neuronal synaptic plasticity|
|glycerolipid catabolic process|
|positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity|
|cholesterol transport|
|regulation of monooxygenase activity|
|alcohol catabolic process|
|extracellular vesicle|
|regulation of cholesterol metabolic process|
|anion homeostasis|
|positive regulation of blood vessel diameter|
|long-chain fatty acid transport|
|positive regulation of lipid transport|
|artery morphogenesis|
|negative regulation of epithelial cell migration|
|sterol transport|
|negative regulation of wound healing|
|modification by host of symbiont morphology or physiology|
|regulation of plasma lipoprotein particle levels|
|regulation of behavior|
|fatty acid transport|
|positive regulation of dendrite development|
|regulation of dendritic spine development|
|regulation of alcohol biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of MAP kinase activity|
|triglyceride metabolic process|
|organic hydroxy compound catabolic process|
|interaction with symbiont|
|cholesterol homeostasis|
|regulation of blood coagulation|
|positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process|
|sterol homeostasis|
|regulation of hemostasis|
|amyloid-beta binding|
|positive regulation of lipid localization|
|negative regulation of lipid metabolic process|
|regulation of coagulation|
|localization within membrane|
|artery development|
|negative regulation of response to wounding|
|regulation of steroid biosynthetic process|
|postsynapse organization|
|regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration|
|cellular oxidant detoxification|
|negative regulation of small molecule metabolic process|
|lipoprotein biosynthetic process|
|phospholipid transport|
|positive regulation of protein binding|
|maintenance of location in cell|
|regulation of oxidoreductase activity|
|regulation of anion transport|
|regulation of axon extension|
|regulation of postsynapse organization|
|acylglycerol metabolic process|
|neutral lipid metabolic process|
|positive regulation of endocytosis|
|cellular detoxification|
|retinoid metabolic process|
|phospholipid binding|
|regulation of lipid transport|
|positive regulation of viral process|
|diterpenoid metabolic process|
|modification of morphology or physiology of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction|
|regulation of extent of cell growth|
|alcohol biosynthetic process|
|regulation of steroid metabolic process|
|cholesterol metabolic process|
|memory|
|lipoprotein metabolic process|
|terpenoid metabolic process|
|organophosphate ester transport|
|negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation|
|steroid biosynthetic process|
|detoxification|
|regulation of endothelial cell proliferation|
|secondary alcohol metabolic process|
|negative regulation of supramolecular fiber organization|
|negative regulation of protein secretion|
|lipid homeostasis|
|negative regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity|
|sterol metabolic process|
|monocarboxylic acid transport|
|negative regulation of inflammatory response|
|regulation of lipid localization|
|isoprenoid metabolic process|
|organic hydroxy compound transport|
|regulation of wound healing|
|negative regulation of peptide secretion|
|regulation of blood vessel diameter|
|regulation of tube diameter|
|regulation of tube size|
|positive regulation of cellular protein catabolic process|
|positive regulation of lipid metabolic process|
|protein import|
|blood microparticle|
|regulation of Rho protein signal transduction|
|negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process|
|negative regulation of cellular amide metabolic process|
|regulation of dendrite development|
|negative regulation of neuron projection development|
|lipid binding|
|modification of morphology or physiology of other organism|
|regulation of endothelial cell migration|
|protein dimerization activity|
|maintenance of location|
|negative regulation of MAPK cascade|
|regulation of response to wounding|
|vascular process in circulatory system|
|heparin binding|
|cyclic-nucleotide-mediated signaling|
|negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway|
|positive regulation of binding|
|negative regulation of cell projection organization|
|negative regulation of protein transport|
|regulation of cell size|
|regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process|
|regulation of axonogenesis|
|organic hydroxy compound biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of establishment of protein localization|
|regulation of lipid biosynthetic process|
|regulation of synaptic plasticity|
|structural molecule activity|
|cellular lipid catabolic process|
|locomotory behavior|
|response to reactive oxygen species|
|negative regulation of cell activation|
|positive regulation of supramolecular fiber organization|
|viral life cycle|
|negative regulation of secretion by cell|
|regulation of endocytosis|
|regulation of viral process|
|negative regulation of neuron death|
|regulation of neuron apoptotic process|
|negative regulation of defense response|
|negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway|
|positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade|
|cellular response to toxic substance|
|regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process|
|positive regulation of protein catabolic process|
|regulation of synapse organization|
|regulation of protein binding|
|regulation of symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism|
|regulation of epithelial cell migration|
|negative regulation of neuron differentiation|
|negative regulation of protein kinase activity|
|regulation of synapse structure or activity|
|negative regulation of secretion|
|extracellular matrix|
|receptor-mediated endocytosis|
|regulation of Ras protein signal transduction|
|negative regulation of kinase activity|
|regulation of cellular protein catabolic process|
|early endosome|
|negative regulation of cell migration|
|learning or memory|
|steroid metabolic process|
|protein-containing complex binding|
|synapse organization|
|negative regulation of cell motility|
|positive regulation of ion transport|
|negative regulation of transferase activity|
|positive regulation of neuron projection development|
|regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway|
|organic acid transport|
|negative regulation of neurogenesis|
|carboxylic acid transport|
|regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade|
|lipid transport|
|cognition|
|lipid catabolic process|
|endoplasmic reticulum lumen|
|regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation|
|negative regulation of cellular component movement|
|regulation of neuron death|
|negative regulation of nervous system development|
|alcohol metabolic process|
|lipid localization|
|negative regulation of locomotion|
|regulation of developmental growth|
|regulation of epithelial cell proliferation|
|negative regulation of cell development|
|signaling receptor binding|
|second-messenger-mediated signaling|
|regulation of inflammatory response|
|regulation of MAP kinase activity|
|regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction|
|glutamatergic synapse|
|regulation of supramolecular fiber organization|
|positive regulation of proteolysis|
|regulation of Wnt signaling pathway|
|post-translational protein modification|
|collagen-containing extracellular matrix|
|negative regulation of response to external stimulus|
|positive regulation of cellular catabolic process|
|positive regulation of neuron differentiation|
|neuronal cell body|
|regulation of binding|
|regulation of cellular component size|
|glycerolipid metabolic process|
|positive regulation of cell projection organization|
|regulation of protein catabolic process|
|response to oxidative stress|
|extracellular structure organization|
|blood circulation|
|regulation of lipid metabolic process|
|circulatory system process|
|regulation of cellular amide metabolic process|
|negative regulation of protein phosphorylation|
|blood vessel morphogenesis|
|regulation of cell growth|
|dendrite|
|chemical synaptic transmission|
|anterograde trans-synaptic signaling|
|regulation of small molecule metabolic process|
|positive regulation of catabolic process|
|cellular calcium ion homeostasis|
|trans-synaptic signaling|
|small molecule catabolic process|
|modulation of chemical synaptic transmission|
|regulation of trans-synaptic signaling|
|negative regulation of phosphorylation|
|calcium ion homeostasis|
|regulation of protein complex assembly|
|regulation of innate immune response|
|organic hydroxy compound metabolic process|
|organic anion transport|
|synaptic signaling|
|regulation of protein secretion|
|cellular divalent inorganic cation homeostasis|
|positive regulation of neurogenesis|
|protein localization to membrane|
|organic cyclic compound catabolic process|
|negative regulation of transport|
|blood vessel development|
|divalent inorganic cation homeostasis|
|regulation of cell morphogenesis|
|regulation of peptide secretion|
|regulation of neuron projection development|
|regulation of body fluid levels|
|response to nutrient levels|
|negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction|
|response to toxic substance|
|positive regulation of multi-organism process|
|vasculature development|
|regulation of anatomical structure size|
|regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity|
|cardiovascular system development|
|regulation of response to biotic stimulus|
|response to extracellular stimulus|
|positive regulation of nervous system development|
|positive regulation of cell development|
|positive regulation of MAPK cascade|
|regulation of vesicle-mediated transport|
|endocytosis|
|cellular metal ion homeostasis|
|negative regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|negative regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|behavior|
|lipid biosynthetic process|
|anion transport|
|small molecule biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of protein modification process|
|metal ion homeostasis|
|cellular cation homeostasis|
|regulation of cell activation|
|cellular ion homeostasis|
|tube morphogenesis|
|regulation of neuron differentiation|
|neuron projection development|
|regulation of growth|
|import into cell|
|negative regulation of cell population proliferation|
|protein catabolic process|
|regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization|
|regulation of ion transport|
|viral process|
|negative regulation of cellular component organization|
|cation homeostasis|
|regulation of protein transport|
|regulation of cell projection organization|
|negative regulation of cell differentiation|
|inorganic ion homeostasis|
|regulation of proteolysis|
|regulation of peptide transport|
|cellular chemical homeostasis|
|regulation of establishment of protein localization|
|regulation of secretion by cell|
|regulation of MAPK cascade|
|regulation of defense response|
|regulation of multi-organism process|
|symbiotic process|
|ion homeostasis|
|negative regulation of catalytic activity|
|regulation of protein kinase activity|
|regulation of secretion|
|neuron development|
|regulation of neurogenesis|
|interspecies interaction between organisms|
|regulation of cellular catabolic process|
|tube development|
|regulation of cell migration|
|membrane organization|
|circulatory system development|
|regulation of kinase activity|
|protein homodimerization activity|
|negative regulation of apoptotic process|
|cellular homeostasis|
|negative regulation of programmed cell death|
|regulation of cell motility|
|regulation of nervous system development|
|regulation of cell development|
|negative regulation of developmental process|
|cellular lipid metabolic process|
|regulation of cellular component biogenesis|
|positive regulation of cell differentiation|
|regulation of transferase activity|
|regulation of locomotion|
|Golgi apparatus|
|positive regulation of transport|
|negative regulation of cell death|
|regulation of catabolic process|
|regulation of cellular component movement|
|endoplasmic reticulum|
|neuron differentiation|
|positive regulation of protein phosphorylation|
|positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction|
|regulation of protein localization|
|negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process|
|macromolecule catabolic process|
|positive regulation of phosphorylation|
|regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis|
|organonitrogen compound catabolic process|
|identical protein binding|
|regulation of response to external stimulus|
|negative regulation of protein metabolic process|
|cytoskeleton organization|
|chemical homeostasis|
|cell-cell signaling|
|plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization|
|positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|negative regulation of molecular function|
|regulation of immune response|
|cell projection organization|
|negative regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|positive regulation of cellular component organization|
|lipid metabolic process|
|positive regulation of protein modification process|
|negative regulation of signal transduction|
|organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process|
|G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway|
|negative regulation of cell communication|
|negative regulation of signaling|
|positive regulation of developmental process|
|ion transport|
|nervous system process|
|organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of catalytic activity|
|regulation of protein phosphorylation|
|regulation of response to stress|
|protein transport|
|intracellular transport|
|generation of neurons|
|peptide transport|
|regulation of apoptotic process|
|positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated|
|negative regulation of biosynthetic process|
|response to oxygen-containing compound|
|protein-containing complex assembly|
|regulation of programmed cell death|
|amide transport|
|cellular protein localization|
|regulation of phosphorylation|
|cellular macromolecule localization|
|extracellular space|
|positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process|
|establishment of protein localization|
|regulation of cell population proliferation|
|negative regulation of response to stimulus|
|neurogenesis|
|positive regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription|
|positive regulation of RNA biosynthetic process|
|homeostatic process|
|cell development|
|positive regulation of signal transduction|
|regulation of immune system process|
|regulation of cell death|
|intracellular signal transduction|
|positive regulation of protein metabolic process|
|cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of gene expression|
|positive regulation of RNA metabolic process|
|positive regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|small molecule metabolic process|
|macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|organic substance catabolic process|
|positive regulation of molecular function|
|regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|cellular catabolic process|
|regulation of cell differentiation|
|positive regulation of cell communication|
|positive regulation of signaling|
|regulation of intracellular signal transduction|
|establishment of localization in cell|
|nitrogen compound transport|
|regulation of protein modification process|
|protein-containing complex subunit organization|
|regulation of transport|
|positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process|
|positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|extracellular region|
|vesicle-mediated transport|
|system process|
|positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of gene expression|
|membrane|
|positive regulation of biosynthetic process|
\\
=== CRISPR Data ===
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp530|Thioridazine 5μM R08 exp530]]|-2.02|
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 0/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|0/28|
|bone|0/26|
|breast|0/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|0/16|
|kidney|0/21|
|liver|0/20|
|lung|0/75|
|lymphocyte|0/16|
|ovary|0/26|
|pancreas|0/24|
|peripheral nervous system|0/16|
|plasma cell|0/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/24|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|0/29|
|uterus|0/5|
== Essentiality in NALM6 ==
* **Essentiality Rank**: 15811
* **Expression level (log2 read counts)**: 1.49
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}