======= CAD =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: CAD
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=790|790]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P27708|P27708]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=CAD&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20CAD|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/114010|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  The de novo synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides is required for mammalian cells to proliferate. This gene encodes a trifunctional protein which is associated with the enzymatic activities of the first 3 enzymes in the 6-step pathway of pyrimidine biosynthesis: carbamoylphosphate synthetase (CPS II), aspartate transcarbamoylase, and dihydroorotase. This protein is regulated by the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, which indicates a direct link between activation of the MAPK cascade and de novo biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2015]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  This protein is a "fusion" protein encoding four enzymatic activities of the pyrimidine pathway (GATase, CPSase, ATCase and DHOase). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:24332717}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|RimK|
|Amidohydro 1|
|Dala Dala lig C|
|OTCace|
|MGS|
|CPSase L D2|
|OTCace N|
|CPSase L chain|
|ATP-grasp|
|CPSase sm chain|
|GATase|
|CPSase L D3|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|dihydroorotase activity|
|aspartate carbamoyltransferase activity|
|aspartate binding|
|carbamoyl-phosphate synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity|
|de novo UMP biosynthetic process|
|citrulline biosynthetic process|
|response to cortisol|
|de novo pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process|
|citrulline metabolic process|
|pyrimidine nucleobase biosynthetic process|
|UMP metabolic process|
|UTP biosynthetic process|
|pyrimidine ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process|
|UMP biosynthetic process|
|pyrimidine ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process|
|UTP metabolic process|
|pyrimidine ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process|
|pyrimidine nucleoside biosynthetic process|
|pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process|
|pyrimidine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process|
|response to diuretic|
|response to caffeine|
|pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process|
|pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process|
|nucleobase biosynthetic process|
|pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthetic process|
|pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process|
|pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process|
|glutamine metabolic process|
|pyrimidine ribonucleotide metabolic process|
|ribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process|
|pyrimidine nucleoside metabolic process|
|response to testosterone|
|nucleoside biosynthetic process|
|glycosyl compound biosynthetic process|
|cellular response to epidermal growth factor stimulus|
|nucleobase metabolic process|
|nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process|
|lactation|
|response to amine|
|pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic process|
|response to epidermal growth factor|
|terminal bouton|
|ribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process|
|ribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process|
|pyrimidine-containing compound biosynthetic process|
|pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process|
|nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process|
|alpha-amino acid biosynthetic process|
|ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process|
|glutamine family amino acid metabolic process|
|animal organ regeneration|
|body fluid secretion|
|nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process|
|cellular amino acid biosynthetic process|
|peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation|
|peptidyl-threonine modification|
|nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process|
|cell projection|
|pyrimidine-containing compound metabolic process|
|nucleobase-containing small molecule biosynthetic process|
|nucleoside metabolic process|
|nuclear matrix|
|response to alkaloid|
|liver development|
|mammary gland development|
|hepaticobiliary system development|
|glycosyl compound metabolic process|
|response to glucocorticoid|
|response to purine-containing compound|
|regeneration|
|response to corticosteroid|
|ribonucleotide biosynthetic process|
|ribose phosphate biosynthetic process|
|female pregnancy|
|response to starvation|
|protein autophosphorylation|
|response to ketone|
|alpha-amino acid metabolic process|
|multi-multicellular organism process|
|response to insulin|
|response to alcohol|
|protein kinase activity|
|nucleotide biosynthetic process|
|nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process|
|response to xenobiotic stimulus|
|carboxylic acid biosynthetic process|
|organic acid biosynthetic process|
|cellular amino acid metabolic process|
|ribonucleotide metabolic process|
|response to steroid hormone|
|ribose phosphate metabolic process|
|enzyme binding|
|neuronal cell body|
|response to peptide hormone|
|cellular response to drug|
|gland development|
|nucleotide metabolic process|
|nucleoside phosphate metabolic process|
|response to peptide|
|regulation of body fluid levels|
|response to nutrient levels|
|cellular response to growth factor stimulus|
|drug metabolic process|
|heart development|
|response to extracellular stimulus|
|response to growth factor|
|organophosphate biosynthetic process|
|nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process|
|small molecule biosynthetic process|
|protein-containing complex|
|carbohydrate derivative biosynthetic process|
|zinc ion binding|
|response to lipid|
|circulatory system development|
|peptidyl-amino acid modification|
|organophosphate metabolic process|
|response to hormone|
|carboxylic acid metabolic process|
|response to organic cyclic compound|
|protein phosphorylation|
|multi-organism reproductive process|
|response to organonitrogen compound|
|oxoacid metabolic process|
|response to drug|
|organic acid metabolic process|
|carbohydrate derivative metabolic process|
|identical protein binding|
|response to nitrogen compound|
|nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process|
|secretion|
|heterocycle biosynthetic process|
|aromatic compound biosynthetic process|
|cellular response to endogenous stimulus|
|phosphorylation|
|organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process|
|organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process|
|reproductive process|
|reproduction|
|response to endogenous stimulus|
|ATP binding|
|response to oxygen-containing compound|
|cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process|
|small molecule metabolic process|
|membrane|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp53|Suberoylanilide-Hydroxamic-Acid 0.02μM R01 exp53]]|-2.22|
|[[:results:exp242|Radicicol 0.16μM R05 exp242]]|1.81|
|[[:results:exp21|MLN-4924 0.2μM R00 exp21]]|1.86|
|[[:results:exp450|Artemisinin 50μM R08 exp450]]|1.89|
|[[:results:exp500|LY2090314 0.003μM R08 exp500 no dilution day6]]|1.91|
|[[:results:exp355|Dinaciclib 0.007μM R07 exp355]]|2.03|
|[[:results:exp437|Ethanol 0.003 R08 exp437]]|2.16|
|[[:results:exp499|LY2090314 0.003μM R08 exp499]]|2.31|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 36/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|2/28|
|blood|5/28|
|bone|0/26|
|breast|2/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|1/17|
|esophagus|1/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|1/16|
|kidney|2/21|
|liver|1/20|
|lung|3/75|
|lymphocyte|1/16|
|ovary|0/26|
|pancreas|1/24|
|peripheral nervous system|1/16|
|plasma cell|4/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|2/24|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|1/22|
|urinary tract|1/29|
|uterus|1/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 142
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: 8.33 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='CAD Expression in NALM6 Cells: 8.33'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>