======= CCND1 =======
== Gene Information ==
* **Official Symbol**: CCND1
* **Official Name**: cyclin D1
* **Aliases and Previous Symbols**: N/A
* **Entrez ID**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=595|595]]
* **UniProt**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P24385|P24385]]
* **Interactions**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=CCND1&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
* **PubMed articles**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20CCND1|Open PubMed]]
* **OMIM**: [[https://omim.org/entry/168461|Open OMIM]]
== Function Summary ==
* **Entrez Summary**: The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the highly conserved cyclin family, whose members are characterized by a dramatic periodicity in protein abundance throughout the cell cycle. Cyclins function as regulators of CDK kinases. Different cyclins exhibit distinct expression and degradation patterns which contribute to the temporal coordination of each mitotic event. This cyclin forms a complex with and functions as a regulatory subunit of CDK4 or CDK6, whose activity is required for cell cycle G1/S transition. This protein has been shown to interact with tumor suppressor protein Rb and the expression of this gene is regulated positively by Rb. Mutations, amplification and overexpression of this gene, which alters cell cycle progression, are observed frequently in a variety of tumors and may contribute to tumorigenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].
* **UniProt Summary**: Regulatory component of the cyclin D1-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition. Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase. Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase. Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals. Also substrate for SMAD3, phosphorylating SMAD3 in a cell-cycle-dependent manner and repressing its transcriptional activity. Component of the ternary complex, cyclin D1/CDK4/CDKN1B, required for nuclear translocation and activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex. Exhibits transcriptional corepressor activity with INSM1 on the NEUROD1 and INS promoters in a cell cycle-independent manner. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15241418, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16569215, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18417529, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9106657}.
|Cyclin N|
|Cyclin C|
|re-entry into mitotic cell cycle|
|response to UV-A|
|positive regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation|
|Leydig cell differentiation|
|mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation|
|response to vitamin E|
|regulation of mammary gland epithelial cell proliferation|
|mammary gland alveolus development|
|proline-rich region binding|
|mammary gland lobule development|
|response to magnesium ion|
|response to corticosterone|
|response to leptin|
|negative regulation of cell cycle arrest|
|positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle|
|response to X-ray|
|positive regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition|
|liver regeneration|
|cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex|
|positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity|
|response to mineralocorticoid|
|response to iron ion|
|cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase regulator activity|
|positive regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity|
|positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle|
|negative regulation of epithelial cell differentiation|
|lactation|
|positive regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transition|
|transcriptional repressor complex|
|mammary gland epithelium development|
|mitotic G1/S transition checkpoint|
|mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint|
|G1 DNA damage checkpoint|
|body fluid secretion|
|animal organ regeneration|
|response to estrogen|
|positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition|
|response to vitamin|
|epithelial cell proliferation|
|intracellular|
|positive regulation of cell cycle phase transition|
|mitotic DNA damage checkpoint|
|regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity|
|negative regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle|
|regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity|
|mitotic DNA integrity checkpoint|
|endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response|
|negative regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transition|
|fat cell differentiation|
|regulation of cell cycle arrest|
|histone deacetylase binding|
|G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle|
|cell cycle G1/S phase transition|
|bicellular tight junction|
|liver development|
|cellular response to unfolded protein|
|response to ethanol|
|mammary gland development|
|hepaticobiliary system development|
|DNA damage checkpoint|
|male gonad development|
|development of primary male sexual characteristics|
|response to estradiol|
|regulation of epithelial cell differentiation|
|response to UV|
|DNA integrity checkpoint|
|response to glucocorticoid|
|cellular response to topologically incorrect protein|
|response to ionizing radiation|
|regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle|
|positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle|
|response to calcium ion|
|mitotic cell cycle checkpoint|
|regeneration|
|male sex differentiation|
|response to corticosteroid|
|response to unfolded protein|
|regulation of cell cycle G1/S phase transition|
|transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter|
|response to topologically incorrect protein|
|positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation|
|response to ketone|
|cell cycle checkpoint|
|regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle|
|gonad development|
|regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition|
|negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition|
|response to nutrient|
|development of primary sexual characteristics|
|DNA-templated transcription, initiation|
|negative regulation of cell cycle phase transition|
|response to alcohol|
|protein kinase activity|
|transcription corepressor activity|
|response to endoplasmic reticulum stress|
|sex differentiation|
|protein-containing complex binding|
|mitotic cell cycle phase transition|
|cell cycle phase transition|
|positive regulation of cell cycle process|
|response to antibiotic|
|response to light stimulus|
|negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle|
|negative regulation of cell cycle process|
|response to steroid hormone|
|transcription factor binding|
|regulation of epithelial cell proliferation|
|positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity|
|enzyme binding|
|Wnt signaling pathway|
|cell-cell signaling by wnt|
|response to metal ion|
|positive regulation of cell cycle|
|gland development|
|regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition|
|reproductive structure development|
|cell surface receptor signaling pathway involved in cell-cell signaling|
|reproductive system development|
|response to radiation|
|regulation of cell cycle phase transition|
|protein kinase binding|
|transcription by RNA polymerase II|
|cell division|
|regulation of body fluid levels|
|response to nutrient levels|
|response to toxic substance|
|regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity|
|response to extracellular stimulus|
|response to inorganic substance|
|positive regulation of protein kinase activity|
|cell population proliferation|
|negative regulation of cell cycle|
|positive regulation of kinase activity|
|mitotic cell cycle process|
|regulation of mitotic cell cycle|
|transcription, DNA-templated|
|nucleic acid-templated transcription|
|RNA biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of transferase activity|
|developmental process involved in reproduction|
|cytokine-mediated signaling pathway|
|mitotic cell cycle|
|negative regulation of cell differentiation|
|regulation of cell cycle process|
|cellular response to DNA damage stimulus|
|regulation of protein kinase activity|
|response to lipid|
|negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II|
|regulation of kinase activity|
|response to hormone|
|positive regulation of cell population proliferation|
|response to organic cyclic compound|
|negative regulation of developmental process|
|protein phosphorylation|
|regulation of transferase activity|
|cell cycle process|
|response to organonitrogen compound|
|cellular response to cytokine stimulus|
|positive regulation of protein phosphorylation|
|response to drug|
|positive regulation of phosphorylation|
|response to nitrogen compound|
|nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process|
|response to cytokine|
|epithelium development|
|cell-cell signaling|
|secretion|
|positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|response to abiotic stimulus|
|heterocycle biosynthetic process|
|aromatic compound biosynthetic process|
|regulation of cell cycle|
|negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated|
|positive regulation of protein modification process|
|negative regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription|
|negative regulation of RNA biosynthetic process|
|phosphorylation|
|organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of RNA metabolic process|
|cell cycle|
|positive regulation of developmental process|
|negative regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|reproductive process|
|reproduction|
|positive regulation of catalytic activity|
|negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process|
|regulation of protein phosphorylation|
|negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|response to endogenous stimulus|
|negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of biosynthetic process|
|response to oxygen-containing compound|
|regulation of phosphorylation|
|positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process|
|regulation of cell population proliferation|
|cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process|
|RNA metabolic process|
|cellular response to stress|
|positive regulation of protein metabolic process|
|cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of gene expression|
|positive regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|tissue development|
|macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of molecular function|
|regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|regulation of cell differentiation|
|regulation of protein modification process|
|membrane|
|gene expression|
\\
=== CRISPR Data ===
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp461|BS-181 20μM R08 exp461]]|-1.7|
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 375/726
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|1/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|18/28|
|blood|1/28|
|bone|17/25|
|breast|20/33|
|central nervous system|26/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|6/17|
|esophagus|10/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|10/15|
|kidney|13/21|
|liver|14/20|
|lung|37/75|
|lymphocyte|0/14|
|ovary|10/26|
|pancreas|19/24|
|peripheral nervous system|15/16|
|plasma cell|4/15|
|prostate|1/1|
|skin|15/24|
|soft tissue|4/7|
|thyroid|2/2|
|upper aerodigestive|14/22|
|urinary tract|16/29|
|uterus|1/5|
== Essentiality in NALM6 ==
* **Essentiality Rank**: 11006
* **Expression level (log2 read counts)**: -2.35
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}