======= GCK =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: GCK
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: glucokinase
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=2645|2645]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P35557|P35557]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=GCK&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20GCK|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/138079|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  This gene encodes a member of the hexokinase family of proteins. Hexokinases phosphorylate glucose to produce glucose-6-phosphate, the first step in most glucose metabolism pathways. In contrast to other forms of hexokinase, this enzyme is not inhibited by its product glucose-6-phosphate but remains active while glucose is abundant. The use of multiple promoters and alternative splicing of this gene result in distinct protein isoforms that exhibit tissue-specific expression in the pancreas and liver. In the pancreas, this enzyme plays a role in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, while in the liver, this enzyme is important in glucose uptake and conversion to glycogen. Mutations in this gene that alter enzyme activity have been associated with multiple types of diabetes and hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  Catalyzes the initial step in utilization of glucose by the beta-cell and liver at physiological glucose concentration. Glucokinase has a high Km for glucose, and so it is effective only when glucose is abundant. The role of GCK is to provide G6P for the synthesis of glycogen. Pancreatic glucokinase plays an important role in modulating insulin secretion. Hepatic glucokinase helps to facilitate the uptake and conversion of glucose by acting as an insulin-sensitive determinant of hepatic glucose usage. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11916951, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15277402, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17082186, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18322640, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19146401, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25015100, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8325892}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|Hexokinase 1|
|Hexokinase 2|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|detection of glucose|
|detection of monosaccharide stimulus|
|detection of carbohydrate stimulus|
|detection of hexose stimulus|
|fructokinase activity|
|glucokinase activity|
|mannokinase activity|
|glucose binding|
|negative regulation of gluconeogenesis|
|positive regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of glycogen metabolic process|
|cellular response to leptin stimulus|
|response to leptin|
|glucose 6-phosphate metabolic process|
|carbohydrate phosphorylation|
|NADH regeneration|
|canonical glycolysis|
|glucose catabolic process to pyruvate|
|glycolytic process through glucose-6-phosphate|
|NADP metabolic process|
|glycolytic process through fructose-6-phosphate|
|regulation of glycogen biosynthetic process|
|regulation of glucan biosynthetic process|
|glucose catabolic process|
|regulation of glycogen metabolic process|
|NADH metabolic process|
|regulation of polysaccharide biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of glucose metabolic process|
|glycolytic process|
|ATP generation from ADP|
|negative regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process|
|regulation of polysaccharide metabolic process|
|calcium ion import|
|regulation of gluconeogenesis|
|NAD metabolic process|
|negative regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process|
|ADP metabolic process|
|hexose catabolic process|
|positive regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process|
|nucleoside diphosphate phosphorylation|
|purine ribonucleoside diphosphate metabolic process|
|nucleotide phosphorylation|
|monosaccharide catabolic process|
|purine nucleoside diphosphate metabolic process|
|ribonucleoside diphosphate metabolic process|
|pyruvate metabolic process|
|positive regulation of insulin secretion|
|regulation of glycolytic process|
|positive regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process|
|nucleoside diphosphate metabolic process|
|regulation of carbohydrate catabolic process|
|cellular glucose homeostasis|
|negative regulation of small molecule metabolic process|
|regulation of carbohydrate biosynthetic process|
|regulation of potassium ion transport|
|positive regulation of peptide hormone secretion|
|glucose metabolic process|
|regulation of glucose metabolic process|
|regulation of purine nucleotide metabolic process|
|regulation of nucleotide metabolic process|
|carbohydrate catabolic process|
|regulation of ATP metabolic process|
|positive regulation of hormone secretion|
|positive regulation of small molecule metabolic process|
|response to glucose|
|regulation of cellular carbohydrate metabolic process|
|response to hexose|
|response to monosaccharide|
|hexose metabolic process|
|regulation of generation of precursor metabolites and energy|
|cellular response to insulin stimulus|
|cellular carbohydrate metabolic process|
|response to carbohydrate|
|regulation of insulin secretion|
|glucose homeostasis|
|carbohydrate homeostasis|
|monosaccharide metabolic process|
|ATP metabolic process|
|regulation of carbohydrate metabolic process|
|regulation of peptide hormone secretion|
|response to insulin|
|calcium ion transport|
|cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus|
|regulation of hormone secretion|
|positive regulation of protein secretion|
|positive regulation of peptide secretion|
|divalent metal ion transport|
|divalent inorganic cation transport|
|purine ribonucleotide metabolic process|
|cellular response to peptide|
|ribonucleotide metabolic process|
|purine nucleotide metabolic process|
|ribose phosphate metabolic process|
|purine-containing compound metabolic process|
|regulation of metal ion transport|
|response to peptide hormone|
|positive regulation of secretion by cell|
|generation of precursor metabolites and energy|
|positive regulation of protein transport|
|regulation of small molecule metabolic process|
|positive regulation of secretion|
|small molecule catabolic process|
|nucleotide metabolic process|
|nucleoside phosphate metabolic process|
|positive regulation of establishment of protein localization|
|regulation of protein secretion|
|response to peptide|
|carbohydrate metabolic process|
|regulation of peptide secretion|
|detection of chemical stimulus|
|monocarboxylic acid metabolic process|
|regulation of hormone levels|
|nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process|
|cellular response to organonitrogen compound|
|cellular response to hormone stimulus|
|metal ion transport|
|cellular response to nitrogen compound|
|detection of stimulus|
|regulation of ion transport|
|regulation of protein transport|
|regulation of peptide transport|
|cellular chemical homeostasis|
|regulation of establishment of protein localization|
|regulation of secretion by cell|
|regulation of secretion|
|cation transport|
|organophosphate metabolic process|
|cellular homeostasis|
|carboxylic acid metabolic process|
|response to hormone|
|oxidation-reduction process|
|positive regulation of transport|
|regulation of catabolic process|
|response to organonitrogen compound|
|oxoacid metabolic process|
|organic acid metabolic process|
|carbohydrate derivative metabolic process|
|regulation of protein localization|
|cellular response to oxygen-containing compound|
|response to nitrogen compound|
|chemical homeostasis|
|cellular response to endogenous stimulus|
|mitochondrion|
|phosphorylation|
|ion transport|
|response to endogenous stimulus|
|ATP binding|
|negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of biosynthetic process|
|response to oxygen-containing compound|
|regulation of phosphorylation|
|homeostatic process|
|small molecule metabolic process|
|organic substance catabolic process|
|regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|positive regulation of cell communication|
|positive regulation of signaling|
|regulation of transport|
|positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of biosynthetic process|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp96|BI-2536 0.02μM R03 exp96]]|-2.17|
|[[:results:exp100|NFN1 1μM R03 exp100]]|-1.98|
|[[:results:exp42|BI-6727 0.001μM R01 exp42]]|-1.77|
|[[:results:exp260|ABT-702 0.1μM R06 exp260]]|1.74|
|[[:results:exp66|BI-D1870 3.15μM R02 exp66]]|1.74|
|[[:results:exp64|Nocodazole 0.2μM R02 exp64]]|1.83|
|[[:results:exp382|Palbociclib 1μM R07 exp382]]|1.84|
|[[:results:exp256|HMS-I1 10μM R06 exp256]]|1.93|
|[[:results:exp111|R-DABN 8μM R03 exp111]]|2.01|
|[[:results:exp33|Rotenone 2μM R00 exp33]]|2.15|
|[[:results:exp93|DABN racemic mixture R03 exp93]]|2.17|
|[[:results:exp244|SB743921 0.001μM R05 exp244]]|2.56|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
^Gene^Correlation^
|[[:human genes:r:rrm1|RRM1]]|0.564|
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 0/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|0/28|
|bone|0/26|
|breast|0/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|0/16|
|kidney|0/21|
|liver|0/20|
|lung|0/75|
|lymphocyte|0/16|
|ovary|0/26|
|pancreas|0/24|
|peripheral nervous system|0/16|
|plasma cell|0/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/24|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|0/29|
|uterus|0/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 4296
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: -2.08 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='GCK Expression in NALM6 Cells: -2.08'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>