======= GDNF =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: GDNF
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: glial cell derived neurotrophic factor
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=2668|2668]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P39905|P39905]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=GDNF&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20GDNF|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/600837|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  This gene encodes a secreted ligand of the TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily of proteins. Ligands of this family bind various TGF-beta receptors leading to recruitment and activation of SMAD family transcription factors that regulate gene expression. The encoded preproprotein is proteolytically processed to generate each subunit of the disulfide-linked homodimer. The recombinant form of this protein, a highly conserved neurotrophic factor, was shown to promote the survival and differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in culture, and was able to prevent apoptosis of motor neurons induced by axotomy. This protein is a ligand for the product of the RET (rearranged during transfection) protooncogene. Mutations in this gene may be associated with Hirschsprung disease and Tourette syndrome. This gene encodes multiple protein isoforms that may undergo similar proteolytic processing. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2016]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**: N/A

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|TGF beta|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|postganglionic parasympathetic fiber development|
|chemoattractant activity involved in axon guidance|
|ureteric bud formation|
|regulation of semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway|
|regulation of ureteric bud formation|
|positive regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis|
|positive regulation of epithelial tube formation|
|chemoattraction of axon|
|positive regulation of ureteric bud formation|
|positive regulation of dopamine secretion|
|mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis|
|mesonephric tubule formation|
|regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis|
|positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development|
|regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission|
|regulation of catecholamine uptake involved in synaptic transmission|
|peristalsis|
|metanephric renal vesicle morphogenesis|
|renal vesicle morphogenesis|
|commissural neuron axon guidance|
|enteric nervous system development|
|renal vesicle development|
|positive regulation of catecholamine secretion|
|positive regulation of metanephros development|
|organ induction|
|mesenchymal to epithelial transition|
|regulation of synaptic transmission, dopaminergic|
|cell differentiation involved in metanephros development|
|nephron tubule formation|
|positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis|
|phasic smooth muscle contraction|
|regulation of epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development|
|parasympathetic nervous system development|
|regulation of epithelial tube formation|
|regulation of neurotransmitter uptake|
|metanephric nephron morphogenesis|
|sympathetic nervous system development|
|positive regulation of mesonephros development|
|dorsal spinal cord development|
|regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis|
|regulation of metanephros development|
|regulation of mesonephros development|
|metanephros morphogenesis|
|developmental induction|
|positive regulation of monooxygenase activity|
|postsynaptic membrane organization|
|epithelial cell differentiation involved in kidney development|
|metanephric nephron development|
|positive regulation of response to drug|
|positive regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium|
|negative regulation of signal transduction in absence of ligand|
|positive regulation of amine transport|
|negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand|
|regulation of animal organ formation|
|positive regulation of embryonic development|
|regulation of dopamine secretion|
|positive regulation of kidney development|
|cell differentiation involved in kidney development|
|mRNA stabilization|
|branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis|
|autonomic nervous system development|
|regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand|
|RNA stabilization|
|positive chemotaxis|
|negative regulation of mRNA catabolic process|
|smooth muscle contraction|
|ureteric bud morphogenesis|
|positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity|
|regulation of monooxygenase activity|
|mesonephric tubule morphogenesis|
|regulation of kidney development|
|neural crest cell migration|
|regulation of morphogenesis of a branching structure|
|positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation|
|negative regulation of RNA catabolic process|
|regulation of catecholamine secretion|
|nephron tubule morphogenesis|
|nephron epithelium morphogenesis|
|nephron morphogenesis|
|renal tubule morphogenesis|
|peripheral nervous system development|
|nephron tubule development|
|adult locomotory behavior|
|negative regulation of mRNA metabolic process|
|neural crest cell development|
|renal tubule development|
|positive regulation of animal organ morphogenesis|
|mesenchymal cell development|
|metanephros development|
|stem cell development|
|kidney morphogenesis|
|ureteric bud development|
|mesonephric epithelium development|
|mesonephric tubule development|
|postsynapse organization|
|neural crest cell differentiation|
|mesonephros development|
|regulation of amine transport|
|regulation of oxidoreductase activity|
|nephron epithelium development|
|regulation of response to drug|
|negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway|
|spinal cord development|
|regulation of stem cell differentiation|
|embryonic epithelial tube formation|
|nephron development|
|regulation of embryonic development|
|kidney epithelium development|
|branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube|
|epithelial tube formation|
|regulation of epithelial cell differentiation|
|regulation of neurotransmitter transport|
|adult behavior|
|morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium|
|negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process|
|tube formation|
|regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway|
|mesenchymal cell differentiation|
|stem cell differentiation|
|morphogenesis of a branching epithelium|
|growth factor activity|
|morphogenesis of a branching structure|
|ameboidal-type cell migration|
|regulation of mRNA stability|
|regulation of morphogenesis of an epithelium|
|regulation of RNA stability|
|locomotory behavior|
|regulation of mRNA catabolic process|
|negative regulation of neuron death|
|regulation of neuron apoptotic process|
|mesenchyme development|
|negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway|
|muscle contraction|
|negative regulation of cellular catabolic process|
|regulation of animal organ morphogenesis|
|axon guidance|
|neuron projection guidance|
|kidney development|
|synapse organization|
|positive regulation of ion transport|
|renal system development|
|muscle system process|
|epithelial tube morphogenesis|
|negative regulation of catabolic process|
|regulation of neuron death|
|urogenital system development|
|regulation of mRNA metabolic process|
|signaling receptor binding|
|regulation of neurotransmitter levels|
|axonogenesis|
|MAPK cascade|
|signal transduction by protein phosphorylation|
|regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway|
|positive regulation of secretion by cell|
|axon development|
|cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation|
|morphogenesis of an epithelium|
|embryonic organ development|
|positive regulation of secretion|
|modulation of chemical synaptic transmission|
|regulation of trans-synaptic signaling|
|neuron projection morphogenesis|
|plasma membrane bounded cell projection morphogenesis|
|cell projection morphogenesis|
|cell part morphogenesis|
|posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression|
|chemotaxis|
|taxis|
|cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation|
|tissue morphogenesis|
|embryonic morphogenesis|
|behavior|
|tube morphogenesis|
|neuron projection development|
|epithelial cell differentiation|
|regulation of ion transport|
|cell morphogenesis|
|regulation of secretion by cell|
|regulation of secretion|
|neuron development|
|cellular component morphogenesis|
|regulation of cellular catabolic process|
|tube development|
|membrane organization|
|protein homodimerization activity|
|negative regulation of apoptotic process|
|anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis|
|negative regulation of programmed cell death|
|positive regulation of cell population proliferation|
|regulation of cellular localization|
|animal organ morphogenesis|
|cell migration|
|positive regulation of cell differentiation|
|protein phosphorylation|
|embryo development|
|central nervous system development|
|positive regulation of transport|
|regulation of catabolic process|
|negative regulation of cell death|
|neuron differentiation|
|regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis|
|cell motility|
|localization of cell|
|epithelium development|
|plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization|
|cell projection organization|
|positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II|
|negative regulation of signal transduction|
|phosphorylation|
|locomotion|
|negative regulation of RNA metabolic process|
|negative regulation of cell communication|
|negative regulation of signaling|
|positive regulation of developmental process|
|positive regulation of catalytic activity|
|negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process|
|generation of neurons|
|regulation of apoptotic process|
|positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated|
|movement of cell or subcellular component|
|regulation of programmed cell death|
|extracellular space|
|regulation of cell population proliferation|
|negative regulation of response to stimulus|
|neurogenesis|
|positive regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription|
|positive regulation of RNA biosynthetic process|
|cell development|
|regulation of cell death|
|intracellular signal transduction|
|positive regulation of RNA metabolic process|
|positive regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|tissue development|
|positive regulation of molecular function|
|regulation of cell differentiation|
|regulation of transport|
|positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process|
|positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|extracellular region|
|system process|
|positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of gene expression|
|positive regulation of biosynthetic process|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp343|Centrinone 0.5μM R07 exp343]]|1.88|
|[[:results:exp399|Salubrinal 20μM R07 exp399]]|2.31|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
^Gene^Correlation^
|[[:human genes:r:rrm1|RRM1]]|0.561|
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 0/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|0/28|
|bone|0/26|
|breast|0/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|0/16|
|kidney|0/21|
|liver|0/20|
|lung|0/75|
|lymphocyte|0/16|
|ovary|0/26|
|pancreas|0/24|
|peripheral nervous system|0/16|
|plasma cell|0/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/24|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|0/29|
|uterus|0/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 8155
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: 2.03 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='GDNF Expression in NALM6 Cells: 2.03'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>