======= LOXL2 =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: LOXL2
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: lysyl oxidase like 2
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=4017|4017]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9Y4K0|Q9Y4K0]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=LOXL2&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20LOXL2|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/606663|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  Mediates the post-translational oxidative deamination of lysine residues on target proteins leading to the formation of deaminated lysine (allysine) (PubMed:27735137). Acts as a transcription corepressor and specifically mediates deamination of trimethylated 'Lys-4' of histone H3 (H3K4me3), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation (PubMed:27735137). Shows no activity against histone H3 when it is trimethylated on 'Lys-9' (H3K9me3) or 'Lys-27' (H3K27me3) or when 'Lys-4' is monomethylated (H3K4me1) or dimethylated (H3K4me2) (PubMed:27735137). Also mediates deamination of methylated TAF10, a member of the transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex, which induces release of TAF10 from promoters, leading to inhibition of TFIID-dependent transcription (PubMed:25959397). LOXL2-mediated deamination of TAF10 results in transcriptional repression of genes required for embryonic stem cell pluripotency including POU5F1/OCT4, NANOG, KLF4 and SOX2 (By similarity). Involved in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) via interaction with SNAI1 and participates in repression of E-cadherin CDH1, probably by mediating deamination of histone H3 (PubMed:16096638, PubMed:27735137, PubMed:24414204). During EMT, involved with SNAI1 in negatively regulating pericentromeric heterochromatin transcription (PubMed:24239292). SNAI1 recruits LOXL2 to pericentromeric regions to oxidize histone H3 and repress transcription which leads to release of heterochromatin component CBX5/HP1A, enabling chromatin reorganization and acquisition of mesenchymal traits (PubMed:24239292). Interacts with the endoplasmic reticulum protein HSPA5 which activates the IRE1-XBP1 pathway of the unfolded protein response, leading to expression of several transcription factors involved in EMT and subsequent EMT induction (PubMed:28332555). Involved in E-cadherin repression following hypoxia, a hallmark of EMT believed to amplify tumor aggressiveness, suggesting that it may play a role in tumor progression (PubMed:20026874). When secreted into the extracellular matrix, promotes cross-linking of extracellular matrix proteins by mediating oxidative deamination of peptidyl lysine residues in precursors to fibrous collagen and elastin (PubMed:20306300). Acts as a regulator of sprouting angiogenesis, probably via collagen IV scaffolding (PubMed:21835952). Acts as a regulator of chondrocyte differentiation, probably by regulating expression of factors that control chondrocyte differentiation (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P58022, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16096638, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20026874, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20306300, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21835952, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24239292, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24414204, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25959397, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27735137}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|SRCR|
|Lysyl oxidase|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|protein-lysine 6-oxidase activity|
|peptidyl-lysine oxidation|
|negative regulation of stem cell population maintenance|
|oligosaccharide binding|
|protein oxidation|
|heterochromatin organization|
|positive regulation of chondrocyte differentiation|
|endothelial cell proliferation|
|regulation of stem cell population maintenance|
|positive regulation of cartilage development|
|response to copper ion|
|collagen fibril organization|
|positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition|
|scavenger receptor activity|
|regulation of chondrocyte differentiation|
|copper ion binding|
|sprouting angiogenesis|
|endothelial cell migration|
|regulation of cartilage development|
|epithelial to mesenchymal transition|
|electron transfer activity|
|epithelial cell migration|
|regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition|
|epithelium migration|
|epithelial cell proliferation|
|basement membrane|
|tissue migration|
|chromatin|
|mesenchymal cell differentiation|
|ameboidal-type cell migration|
|electron transport chain|
|mesenchyme development|
|aging|
|peptidyl-lysine modification|
|angiogenesis|
|extracellular matrix organization|
|response to hypoxia|
|response to decreased oxygen levels|
|collagen-containing extracellular matrix|
|response to metal ion|
|response to oxygen levels|
|extracellular structure organization|
|blood vessel morphogenesis|
|generation of precursor metabolites and energy|
|supramolecular fiber organization|
|blood vessel development|
|vasculature development|
|cardiovascular system development|
|response to inorganic substance|
|cell population proliferation|
|endocytosis|
|tube morphogenesis|
|import into cell|
|chromatin organization|
|calcium ion binding|
|tube development|
|negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II|
|circulatory system development|
|peptidyl-amino acid modification|
|anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis|
|cell adhesion|
|biological adhesion|
|negative regulation of developmental process|
|oxidation-reduction process|
|cell migration|
|positive regulation of cell differentiation|
|endoplasmic reticulum|
|chromosome organization|
|cell motility|
|localization of cell|
|response to abiotic stimulus|
|negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated|
|negative regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|negative regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription|
|negative regulation of RNA biosynthetic process|
|locomotion|
|negative regulation of RNA metabolic process|
|positive regulation of developmental process|
|negative regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process|
|negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of biosynthetic process|
|movement of cell or subcellular component|
|extracellular space|
|negative regulation of gene expression|
|positive regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|tissue development|
|regulation of cell differentiation|
|protein-containing complex subunit organization|
|vesicle-mediated transport|
|membrane|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp7|Bortezomib 0.05μM R00 exp7]]|-1.75|
|[[:results:exp23|Nocodazole 0.02μM R00 exp23]]|-1.72|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 0/726
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|0/28|
|bone|0/25|
|breast|0/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|0/15|
|kidney|0/21|
|liver|0/20|
|lung|0/75|
|lymphocyte|0/14|
|ovary|0/26|
|pancreas|0/24|
|peripheral nervous system|0/16|
|plasma cell|0/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/24|
|soft tissue|0/7|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|0/29|
|uterus|0/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 10053
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: 1.83 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='LOXL2 Expression in NALM6 Cells: 1.83'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>