======= PTK2 =======
== Gene Information ==
* **Official Symbol**: PTK2
* **Official Name**: protein tyrosine kinase 2
* **Aliases and Previous Symbols**: N/A
* **Entrez ID**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=5747|5747]]
* **UniProt**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q05397|Q05397]]
* **Interactions**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=PTK2&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
* **PubMed articles**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20PTK2|Open PubMed]]
* **OMIM**: [[https://omim.org/entry/600758|Open OMIM]]
== Function Summary ==
* **Entrez Summary**: This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase which is found concentrated in the focal adhesions that form between cells growing in the presence of extracellular matrix constituents. The encoded protein is a member of the FAK subfamily of protein tyrosine kinases but lacks significant sequence similarity to kinases from other subfamilies. Activation of this gene may be an important early step in cell growth and intracellular signal transduction pathways triggered in response to certain neural peptides or to cell interactions with the extracellular matrix. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2017].
* **UniProt Summary**: Non-receptor protein-tyrosine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating cell migration, adhesion, spreading, reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, formation and disassembly of focal adhesions and cell protrusions, cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and apoptosis. Required for early embryonic development and placenta development. Required for embryonic angiogenesis, normal cardiomyocyte migration and proliferation, and normal heart development. Regulates axon growth and neuronal cell migration, axon branching and synapse formation; required for normal development of the nervous system. Plays a role in osteogenesis and differentiation of osteoblasts. Functions in integrin signal transduction, but also in signaling downstream of numerous growth factor receptors, G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR), EPHA2, netrin receptors and LDL receptors. Forms multisubunit signaling complexes with SRC and SRC family members upon activation; this leads to the phosphorylation of additional tyrosine residues, creating binding sites for scaffold proteins, effectors and substrates. Regulates numerous signaling pathways. Promotes activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and the AKT1 signaling cascade. Promotes activation of MAPK1/ERK2, MAPK3/ERK1 and the MAP kinase signaling cascade. Promotes localized and transient activation of guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) and GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), and thereby modulates the activity of Rho family GTPases. Signaling via CAS family members mediates activation of RAC1. Recruits the ubiquitin ligase MDM2 to P53/TP53 in the nucleus, and thereby regulates P53/TP53 activity, P53/TP53 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Phosphorylates SRC; this increases SRC kinase activity. Phosphorylates ACTN1, ARHGEF7, GRB7, RET and WASL. Promotes phosphorylation of PXN and STAT1; most likely PXN and STAT1 are phosphorylated by a SRC family kinase that is recruited to autophosphorylated PTK2/FAK1, rather than by PTK2/FAK1 itself. Promotes phosphorylation of BCAR1; GIT2 and SHC1; this requires both SRC and PTK2/FAK1. Promotes phosphorylation of BMX and PIK3R1. Isoform 6 (FRNK) does not contain a kinase domain and inhibits PTK2/FAK1 phosphorylation and signaling. Its enhanced expression can attenuate the nuclear accumulation of LPXN and limit its ability to enhance serum response factor (SRF)-dependent gene transcription. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655584, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11331870, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11980671, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15166238, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15561106, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15895076, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16919435, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16927379, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17395594, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17431114, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17968709, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18006843, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18206965, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18256281, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18292575, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18497331, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18677107, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19138410, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19147981, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19224453, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20332118, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20495381, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21454698}.
|Focal AT|
|FERM M|
|Pkinase|
|Pkinase Tyr|
|negative regulation of synapse assembly|
|signal complex assembly|
|JUN kinase binding|
|netrin-activated signaling pathway|
|negative regulation of anoikis|
|growth hormone receptor signaling pathway|
|cellular response to growth hormone stimulus|
|nuclear migration|
|negative regulation of synapse organization|
|regulation of anoikis|
|nucleus localization|
|positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy|
|negative regulation of organ growth|
|positive regulation of muscle hypertrophy|
|peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation|
|positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity|
|response to growth hormone|
|central nervous system neuron axonogenesis|
|positive regulation of lipid kinase activity|
|SH2 domain binding|
|non-membrane spanning protein tyrosine kinase activity|
|regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin|
|positive regulation of phospholipid metabolic process|
|epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway|
|regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading|
|regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity|
|regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy|
|regulation of muscle hypertrophy|
|regulation of focal adhesion assembly|
|regulation of cell-substrate junction assembly|
|regulation of lipid kinase activity|
|adherens junction|
|endothelial cell migration|
|vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway|
|regulation of adherens junction organization|
|stress fiber|
|vasculogenesis|
|negative regulation of axonogenesis|
|ERBB signaling pathway|
|central nervous system neuron development|
|negative regulation of autophagy|
|epithelial cell migration|
|regulation of phospholipid metabolic process|
|protein phosphatase binding|
|positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling|
|regulation of muscle adaptation|
|ephrin receptor signaling pathway|
|epithelium migration|
|protein tyrosine kinase activity|
|regulation of cell junction assembly|
|regulation of organ growth|
|integrin-mediated signaling pathway|
|tissue migration|
|positive regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process|
|negative regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation|
|transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway|
|regulation of synapse assembly|
|negative regulation of developmental growth|
|regulation of osteoblast differentiation|
|regulation of cell-matrix adhesion|
|establishment of cell polarity|
|neuron migration|
|regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling|
|positive regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process|
|immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis|
|Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis|
|cell cortex|
|Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway|
|Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway|
|positive regulation of cellular protein catabolic process|
|positive regulation of lipid metabolic process|
|peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation|
|peptidyl-tyrosine modification|
|dendritic spine|
|placenta development|
|regulation of cell shape|
|regulation of ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process|
|negative regulation of neuron projection development|
|cellular response to transforming growth factor beta stimulus|
|regulation of endothelial cell migration|
|microtubule organizing center|
|response to transforming growth factor beta|
|positive regulation of protein kinase B signaling|
|ameboidal-type cell migration|
|negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion|
|central nervous system neuron differentiation|
|lamellipodium|
|negative regulation of cell projection organization|
|regulation of axonogenesis|
|regulation of ossification|
|protein autophosphorylation|
|establishment or maintenance of cell polarity|
|transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway|
|regulation of cell-substrate adhesion|
|positive regulation of protein catabolic process|
|regulation of proteolysis involved in cellular protein catabolic process|
|regulation of synapse organization|
|regulation of epithelial cell migration|
|regulation of protein kinase B signaling|
|negative regulation of neuron differentiation|
|regulation of synapse structure or activity|
|regulation of muscle system process|
|protein kinase activity|
|Fc receptor signaling pathway|
|negative regulation of growth|
|regulation of cellular protein catabolic process|
|heart morphogenesis|
|negative regulation of cellular catabolic process|
|axon guidance|
|neuron projection guidance|
|cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus|
|actin binding|
|negative regulation of cell adhesion|
|negative regulation of neurogenesis|
|regulation of cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation|
|negative regulation of catabolic process|
|negative regulation of nervous system development|
|angiogenesis|
|apical plasma membrane|
|cellular response to peptide|
|regulation of developmental growth|
|phagocytosis|
|regulation of autophagy|
|negative regulation of cell development|
|extracellular matrix organization|
|positive regulation of proteolysis|
|establishment of organelle localization|
|positive regulation of cellular catabolic process|
|cytoskeleton|
|MAPK cascade|
|axonogenesis|
|regulation of protein catabolic process|
|extracellular structure organization|
|response to peptide hormone|
|signal transduction by protein phosphorylation|
|regulation of lipid metabolic process|
|regulation of cell-cell adhesion|
|blood vessel morphogenesis|
|axon development|
|focal adhesion|
|reproductive structure development|
|reproductive system development|
|positive regulation of catabolic process|
|cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation|
|immune response-activating cell surface receptor signaling pathway|
|protein kinase binding|
|response to peptide|
|microtubule cytoskeleton organization|
|neuron projection morphogenesis|
|immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway|
|regulation of GTPase activity|
|plasma membrane bounded cell projection morphogenesis|
|blood vessel development|
|regulation of cell morphogenesis|
|cell projection morphogenesis|
|regulation of neuron projection development|
|positive regulation of cell migration|
|cellular response to growth factor stimulus|
|transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway|
|vasculature development|
|cell part morphogenesis|
|cardiovascular system development|
|positive regulation of cell motility|
|heart development|
|response to growth factor|
|positive regulation of protein kinase activity|
|positive regulation of cellular component movement|
|regulation of cytoskeleton organization|
|chemotaxis|
|taxis|
|positive regulation of locomotion|
|cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation|
|immune response-activating signal transduction|
|positive regulation of kinase activity|
|organelle localization|
|regulation of system process|
|immune response-regulating signaling pathway|
|cellular response to organonitrogen compound|
|cellular response to hormone stimulus|
|activation of immune response|
|tube morphogenesis|
|regulation of neuron differentiation|
|positive regulation of transferase activity|
|cellular response to nitrogen compound|
|neuron projection development|
|developmental process involved in reproduction|
|regulation of growth|
|microtubule-based process|
|regulation of cell adhesion|
|regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization|
|negative regulation of cellular component organization|
|regulation of cell projection organization|
|negative regulation of cell differentiation|
|enzyme linked receptor protein signaling pathway|
|cell morphogenesis|
|regulation of proteolysis|
|regulation of protein kinase activity|
|neuron development|
|regulation of neurogenesis|
|cellular component morphogenesis|
|regulation of cellular catabolic process|
|cellular protein-containing complex assembly|
|tube development|
|regulation of cell migration|
|positive regulation of immune response|
|circulatory system development|
|regulation of kinase activity|
|peptidyl-amino acid modification|
|negative regulation of apoptotic process|
|anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis|
|negative regulation of programmed cell death|
|response to hormone|
|regulation of cell motility|
|positive regulation of cell population proliferation|
|regulation of nervous system development|
|regulation of cell development|
|negative regulation of developmental process|
|animal organ morphogenesis|
|regulation of cellular component biogenesis|
|cell migration|
|protein phosphorylation|
|regulation of transferase activity|
|central nervous system development|
|regulation of locomotion|
|regulation of cellular component movement|
|negative regulation of cell death|
|regulation of catabolic process|
|response to organonitrogen compound|
|neuron differentiation|
|positive regulation of protein phosphorylation|
|positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction|
|cellular response to oxygen-containing compound|
|positive regulation of phosphorylation|
|regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis|
|cell motility|
|localization of cell|
|response to nitrogen compound|
|immune effector process|
|cytoskeleton organization|
|plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization|
|positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|regulation of immune response|
|positive regulation of immune system process|
|cell projection organization|
|negative regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|cellular response to endogenous stimulus|
|positive regulation of protein modification process|
|regulation of hydrolase activity|
|phosphorylation|
|regulation of organelle organization|
|locomotion|
|reproductive process|
|reproduction|
|positive regulation of catalytic activity|
|regulation of protein phosphorylation|
|response to endogenous stimulus|
|ATP binding|
|intracellular transport|
|generation of neurons|
|regulation of apoptotic process|
|movement of cell or subcellular component|
|response to oxygen-containing compound|
|protein-containing complex assembly|
|regulation of programmed cell death|
|regulation of phosphorylation|
|positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process|
|regulation of cell population proliferation|
|neurogenesis|
|cell development|
|positive regulation of signal transduction|
|regulation of immune system process|
|regulation of cell death|
|intracellular signal transduction|
|positive regulation of protein metabolic process|
|positive regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|positive regulation of molecular function|
|regulation of phosphate metabolic process|
|regulation of phosphorus metabolic process|
|regulation of cell differentiation|
|positive regulation of cell communication|
|positive regulation of signaling|
|regulation of intracellular signal transduction|
|establishment of localization in cell|
|regulation of protein modification process|
|protein-containing complex subunit organization|
|vesicle-mediated transport|
\\
=== CRISPR Data ===
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp65|Mubritinib 0.2μM R02 exp65]]|-1.83|
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 139/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|1/1|
|909776.0|1/1|
|bile duct|7/28|
|blood|1/28|
|bone|1/26|
|breast|4/33|
|central nervous system|17/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|1/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|1/16|
|kidney|7/21|
|liver|10/20|
|lung|10/75|
|lymphocyte|0/16|
|ovary|8/26|
|pancreas|7/24|
|peripheral nervous system|2/16|
|plasma cell|1/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|12/24|
|soft tissue|4/9|
|thyroid|1/2|
|upper aerodigestive|1/22|
|urinary tract|4/29|
|uterus|1/5|
== Essentiality in NALM6 ==
* **Essentiality Rank**: 10154
* **Expression level (log2 read counts)**: 5.71
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}