======= TYMS =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: TYMS
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: thymidylate synthetase
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=7298|7298]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P04818|P04818]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=TYMS&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20TYMS|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/188350|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  Thymidylate synthase catalyzes the methylation of deoxyuridylate to deoxythymidylate using, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate (methylene-THF) as a cofactor. This function maintains the dTMP (thymidine-5-prime monophosphate) pool critical for DNA replication and repair. The enzyme has been of interest as a target for cancer chemotherapeutic agents. It is considered to be the primary site of action for 5-fluorouracil, 5-fluoro-2-prime-deoxyuridine, and some folate analogs. Expression of this gene and that of a naturally occurring antisense transcript, mitochondrial enolase superfamily member 1 (GeneID:55556), vary inversely when cell-growth progresses from late-log to plateau phase. Polymorphisms in this gene may be associated with etiology of neoplasia, including breast cancer, and response to chemotherapy. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  Contributes to the de novo mitochondrial thymidylate biosynthesis pathway. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:21876188}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|Thymidylat synt|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|immortalization of host cell by virus|
|immortalization of host cell|
|thymidylate synthase activity|
|uracil metabolic process|
|transformation of host cell by virus|
|dTMP metabolic process|
|dTMP biosynthetic process|
|dTTP biosynthetic process|
|intestinal epithelial cell maturation|
|pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process|
|dTTP metabolic process|
|deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process|
|dUMP metabolic process|
|pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process|
|pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process|
|pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process|
|columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell maturation|
|pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthetic process|
|response to folic acid|
|deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process|
|intestinal epithelial cell development|
|tetrahydrofolate interconversion|
|sequence-specific mRNA binding|
|deoxyribose phosphate biosynthetic process|
|folic acid binding|
|2-deoxyribonucleotide biosynthetic process|
|deoxyribonucleoside monophosphate metabolic process|
|deoxyribonucleotide biosynthetic process|
|translation repressor activity, mRNA regulatory element binding|
|pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process|
|epithelial cell maturation|
|pyrimidine nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process|
|deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process|
|cofactor binding|
|tetrahydrofolate metabolic process|
|pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process|
|response to vitamin A|
|intestinal epithelial cell differentiation|
|pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide metabolic process|
|pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic process|
|pyrimidine nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process|
|one-carbon metabolic process|
|regulation of transcription involved in G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle|
|folic acid-containing compound metabolic process|
|nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion|
|liver regeneration|
|2-deoxyribonucleotide metabolic process|
|modulation by virus of host morphology or physiology|
|deoxyribose phosphate metabolic process|
|pteridine-containing compound metabolic process|
|deoxyribonucleotide metabolic process|
|modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology|
|nucleobase metabolic process|
|nucleoside monophosphate biosynthetic process|
|response to progesterone|
|pyrimidine nucleotide biosynthetic process|
|columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell development|
|pyrimidine-containing compound biosynthetic process|
|nucleotide binding|
|pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process|
|nucleoside triphosphate biosynthetic process|
|nucleoside monophosphate metabolic process|
|animal organ regeneration|
|response to vitamin|
|nucleoside triphosphate metabolic process|
|columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell differentiation|
|pyrimidine-containing compound metabolic process|
|DNA biosynthetic process|
|modification of morphology or physiology of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction|
|G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle|
|cell cycle G1/S phase transition|
|liver development|
|response to ethanol|
|hepaticobiliary system development|
|negative regulation of translation|
|digestive tract development|
|anatomical structure maturation|
|response to organophosphorus|
|circadian rhythm|
|digestive system development|
|response to glucocorticoid|
|negative regulation of cellular amide metabolic process|
|modification of morphology or physiology of other organism|
|interaction with host|
|regeneration|
|cell maturation|
|response to corticosteroid|
|cartilage development|
|epithelial cell development|
|response to ketone|
|cellular modified amino acid metabolic process|
|response to nutrient|
|connective tissue development|
|response to alcohol|
|developmental maturation|
|nucleotide biosynthetic process|
|nucleoside phosphate biosynthetic process|
|coenzyme metabolic process|
|mitotic cell cycle phase transition|
|rhythmic process|
|aging|
|cell cycle phase transition|
|response to antibiotic|
|methylation|
|response to steroid hormone|
|response to acid chemical|
|regulation of translation|
|mitochondrial matrix|
|developmental growth|
|growth|
|mitochondrial inner membrane|
|regulation of cellular amide metabolic process|
|gland development|
|cofactor metabolic process|
|nucleotide metabolic process|
|nucleoside phosphate metabolic process|
|skeletal system development|
|response to nutrient levels|
|drug metabolic process|
|response to toxic substance|
|posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression|
|response to extracellular stimulus|
|organophosphate biosynthetic process|
|nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process|
|mitotic cell cycle process|
|carbohydrate derivative biosynthetic process|
|epithelial cell differentiation|
|mitotic cell cycle|
|viral process|
|DNA metabolic process|
|symbiotic process|
|cellular amide metabolic process|
|interspecies interaction between organisms|
|tube development|
|response to lipid|
|nucleolus|
|protein homodimerization activity|
|organophosphate metabolic process|
|carboxylic acid metabolic process|
|response to hormone|
|response to organic cyclic compound|
|cell cycle process|
|response to organonitrogen compound|
|oxoacid metabolic process|
|response to drug|
|organic acid metabolic process|
|carbohydrate derivative metabolic process|
|negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process|
|response to nitrogen compound|
|nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process|
|response to cytokine|
|negative regulation of protein metabolic process|
|epithelium development|
|heterocycle biosynthetic process|
|aromatic compound biosynthetic process|
|mitochondrion|
|organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process|
|cell cycle|
|negative regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|organonitrogen compound biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|response to endogenous stimulus|
|negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of biosynthetic process|
|response to oxygen-containing compound|
|cellular nitrogen compound biosynthetic process|
|cell development|
|cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of gene expression|
|small molecule metabolic process|
|tissue development|
|macromolecule biosynthetic process|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp434|Vemurafenib 6.6μM R08 exp434]]|-2.38|
|[[:results:exp17|DABN 20μM R00 exp17]]|-2.01|
|[[:results:exp8|Brefeldin A 0.02μM R00 exp8]]|-1.92|
|[[:results:exp33|Rotenone 2μM R00 exp33]]|-1.9|
|[[:results:exp208|Vinblastine 0.015μM R05 exp208]]|-1.84|
|[[:results:exp108|Vinblastine 0.2μM R03 exp108]]|-1.74|
|[[:results:exp332|Adefovir 20μM R07 exp332]]|1.71|
|[[:results:exp461|BS-181 20μM R08 exp461]]|1.75|
|[[:results:exp528|TGF-beta1 44ng/ml R08 exp528]]|1.75|
|[[:results:exp342|Calcium Ionophore 0.4μM R07 exp342]]|1.76|
|[[:results:exp175|3-Bromopyruvate 7μM R04 exp175]]|1.97|
|[[:results:exp530|Thioridazine 5μM R08 exp530]]|2.1|
|[[:results:exp484|GSK-J5 1.5μM R08 exp484]]|2.62|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
^Gene^Correlation^
|[[:human genes:p:polr2j3|POLR2J3]]|0.712|
|[[:human genes:p:prim1|PRIM1]]|0.571|
|[[:human genes:a:aatf|AATF]]|0.551|
|[[:human genes:t:tceb3cl|TCEB3CL]]|0.548|
|[[:human genes:t:tceb3c|TCEB3C]]|0.541|
|[[:human genes:t:tceb3cl2|TCEB3CL2]]|0.541|
|[[:human genes:p:psmb2|PSMB2]]|0.538|
|[[:human genes:p:psmb4|PSMB4]]|0.527|
|[[:human genes:d:dtl|DTL]]|0.518|
|[[:human genes:a:aqr|AQR]]|0.516|
|[[:human genes:a:atp6v1b2|ATP6V1B2]]|0.515|
|[[:human genes:m:med14|MED14]]|0.513|
|[[:human genes:v:vps28|VPS28]]|0.512|
|[[:human genes:t:ticrr|TICRR]]|0.51|
|[[:human genes:c:ccna2|CCNA2]]|0.502|
|[[:human genes:s:slc4a1|SLC4A1]]|0.501|
|[[:human genes:n:npipb5|NPIPB5]]|0.497|
|[[:human genes:c:copg1|COPG1]]|0.496|
|[[:human genes:t:tbc1d3h|TBC1D3H]]|0.495|
|[[:human genes:c:cbwd3|CBWD3]]|0.495|
|[[:human genes:g:golga6l1|GOLGA6L1]]|0.493|
|[[:human genes:c:cbwd6|CBWD6]]|0.491|
|[[:human genes:n:nupl1|NUPL1]]|0.487|
|[[:human genes:e:exosc6|EXOSC6]]|0.484|
|[[:human genes:g:gar1|GAR1]]|0.484|
|[[:human genes:t:tbc1d3c|TBC1D3C]]|0.482|
|[[:human genes:r:rrp7a|RRP7A]]|0.482|
|[[:human genes:c:col2a1|COL2A1]]|0.481|
|[[:human genes:m:med17|MED17]]|0.48|
|[[:human genes:t:tbc1d3i|TBC1D3I]]|0.479|
|[[:human genes:t:tbc1d3e|TBC1D3E]]|0.478|
|[[:human genes:c:c14orf93|C14orf93]]|0.478|
|[[:human genes:a:atp6v1a|ATP6V1A]]|0.478|
|[[:human genes:t:tbc1d3l|TBC1D3L]]|0.477|
|[[:human genes:t:tbc1d3k|TBC1D3K]]|0.477|
|[[:human genes:t:tbc1d3f|TBC1D3F]]|0.477|
|[[:human genes:t:tbc1d3g|TBC1D3G]]|0.476|
|[[:human genes:c:copb1|COPB1]]|0.476|
|[[:human genes:n:nsf|NSF]]|0.475|
|[[:human genes:b:bysl|BYSL]]|0.474|
|[[:human genes:t:tfip11|TFIP11]]|0.472|
|[[:human genes:i:ik|IK]]|0.471|
|[[:human genes:c:cbwd5|CBWD5]]|0.466|
|[[:human genes:r:rps2|RPS2]]|0.466|
|[[:human genes:s:sf3a1|SF3A1]]|0.466|
|[[:human genes:p:polr1a|POLR1A]]|0.462|
|[[:human genes:c:chaf1a|CHAF1A]]|0.462|
|[[:human genes:t:tbc1d3|TBC1D3]]|0.461|
|[[:human genes:m:mt1e|MT1E]]|0.461|
|[[:human genes:p:psmd3|PSMD3]]|0.459|
|[[:human genes:c:chd4|CHD4]]|0.458|
|[[:human genes:p:pole|POLE]]|0.458|
|[[:human genes:c:cactin|CACTIN]]|0.457|
|[[:human genes:c:c1qtnf9b|C1QTNF9B]]|0.456|
|[[:human genes:d:dock6|DOCK6]]|0.455|
|[[:human genes:a:atp6ap1|ATP6AP1]]|0.455|
|[[:human genes:a:akt1s1|AKT1S1]]|0.455|
|[[:human genes:d:dhx38|DHX38]]|0.455|
|[[:human genes:u:utp3|UTP3]]|0.454|
|[[:human genes:d:ddx47|DDX47]]|0.451|
|[[:human genes:n:nol12|NOL12]]|0.451|
|[[:human genes:a:ankle2|ANKLE2]]|0.449|
|[[:human genes:t:timeless|TIMELESS]]|0.449|
|[[:human genes:e:exosc9|EXOSC9]]|0.447|
|[[:human genes:t:twistnb|TWISTNB]]|0.447|
|[[:human genes:o:orc1|ORC1]]|0.445|
|[[:human genes:w:wdr75|WDR75]]|0.443|
|[[:human genes:p:psmb1|PSMB1]]|0.442|
|[[:human genes:c:cdca3|CDCA3]]|0.441|
|[[:human genes:p:pold1|POLD1]]|0.44|
|[[:human genes:p:psmc6|PSMC6]]|0.438|
|[[:human genes:p:psmc2|PSMC2]]|0.438|
|[[:human genes:m:mdn1|MDN1]]|0.437|
|[[:human genes:p:psma6|PSMA6]]|0.437|
|[[:human genes:s:snip1|SNIP1]]|0.434|
|[[:human genes:c:cep192|CEP192]]|0.434|
|[[:human genes:s:supt5h|SUPT5H]]|0.433|
|[[:human genes:p:psmd7|PSMD7]]|0.433|
|[[:human genes:u:utp20|UTP20]]|0.431|
|[[:human genes:s:smtn|SMTN]]|0.431|
|[[:human genes:c:chchd3|CHCHD3]]|0.431|
|[[:human genes:i:igfn1|IGFN1]]|0.43|
|[[:human genes:a:ankle1|ANKLE1]]|0.43|
|[[:human genes:d:dnttip2|DNTTIP2]]|0.43|
|[[:human genes:o:orc6|ORC6]]|0.43|
|[[:human genes:e:exosc3|EXOSC3]]|0.43|
|[[:human genes:p:pan3|PAN3]]|0.428|
|[[:human genes:x:xab2|XAB2]]|0.428|
|[[:human genes:h:hist2h3c|HIST2H3C]]|0.428|
|[[:human genes:h:hist2h3a|HIST2H3A]]|0.428|
|[[:human genes:u:upf1|UPF1]]|0.428|
|[[:human genes:r:rplp1|RPLP1]]|0.427|
|[[:human genes:p:plxnb3|PLXNB3]]|0.427|
|[[:human genes:r:rrp15|RRP15]]|0.426|
|[[:human genes:c:cdh24|CDH24]]|0.425|
|[[:human genes:a:atp6ap2|ATP6AP2]]|0.425|
|[[:human genes:t:trappc8|TRAPPC8]]|0.423|
|[[:human genes:r:rpl35|RPL35]]|0.419|
|[[:human genes:n:nol10|NOL10]]|0.419|
|[[:human genes:i:itgax|ITGAX]]|0.419|
|[[:human genes:g:gid4|GID4]]|0.418|
|[[:human genes:r:rps12|RPS12]]|0.417|
|[[:human genes:s:smg1|SMG1]]|0.416|
|[[:human genes:p:polr2d|POLR2D]]|0.416|
|[[:human genes:u:usp35|USP35]]|0.416|
|[[:human genes:p:polr2j|POLR2J]]|0.416|
|[[:human genes:o:ogfr|OGFR]]|0.416|
|[[:human genes:a:atp6v1c1|ATP6V1C1]]|0.415|
|[[:human genes:n:nup153|NUP153]]|0.415|
|[[:human genes:p:phf2|PHF2]]|0.415|
|[[:human genes:n:nup160|NUP160]]|0.415|
|[[:human genes:s:slc6a17|SLC6A17]]|0.411|
|[[:human genes:t:taf1|TAF1]]|0.41|
|[[:human genes:t:tp53tg3c|TP53TG3C]]|0.41|
|[[:human genes:t:tp53tg3|TP53TG3]]|0.41|
|[[:human genes:t:tp53tg3b|TP53TG3B]]|0.41|
|[[:human genes:p:plekha4|PLEKHA4]]|0.409|
|[[:human genes:p:polr2f|POLR2F]]|0.409|
|[[:human genes:n:narfl|NARFL]]|0.408|
|[[:human genes:r:rfxank|RFXANK]]|0.407|
|[[:human genes:r:rpl6|RPL6]]|0.406|
|[[:human genes:z:znf830|ZNF830]]|0.406|
|[[:human genes:l:lrr1|LRR1]]|0.406|
|[[:human genes:v:vasn|VASN]]|0.405|
|[[:human genes:s:snrpa1|SNRPA1]]|0.405|
|[[:human genes:a:atp6v0c|ATP6V0C]]|0.405|
|[[:human genes:p:psmd2|PSMD2]]|0.405|
|[[:human genes:g:gbf1|GBF1]]|0.404|
|[[:human genes:h:hivep3|HIVEP3]]|0.404|
|[[:human genes:c:cox7a2l|COX7A2L]]|0.404|
|[[:human genes:h:heatr1|HEATR1]]|0.403|
|[[:human genes:o:osbp|OSBP]]|0.403|
|[[:human genes:c:copa|COPA]]|0.403|
|[[:human genes:g:golga6l4|GOLGA6L4]]|0.403|
|[[:human genes:r:rpa2|RPA2]]|0.402|
|[[:human genes:d:disp2|DISP2]]|0.402|
|[[:human genes:f:fam231c|FAM231C]]|0.401|
|[[:human genes:k:kctd17|KCTD17]]|0.401|
|[[:human genes:f:fam231a|FAM231A]]|0.4|
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 166/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|8/28|
|blood|14/28|
|bone|5/26|
|breast|15/33|
|central nervous system|6/56|
|cervix|1/4|
|colorectal|3/17|
|esophagus|2/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|5/16|
|kidney|3/21|
|liver|3/20|
|lung|21/75|
|lymphocyte|0/16|
|ovary|2/26|
|pancreas|6/24|
|peripheral nervous system|5/16|
|plasma cell|4/15|
|prostate|1/1|
|skin|5/24|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|4/22|
|urinary tract|4/29|
|uterus|0/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 59
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: 8.07 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='TYMS Expression in NALM6 Cells: 8.07'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>