======= TYR =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: TYR
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: tyrosinase
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=7299|7299]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P14679|P14679]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=TYR&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20TYR|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/606933|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  The enzyme encoded by this gene catalyzes the first 2 steps, and at least 1 subsequent step, in the conversion of tyrosine to melanin. The enzyme has both tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa oxidase catalytic activities, and requires copper for function. Mutations in this gene result in oculocutaneous albinism, and nonpathologic polymorphisms result in skin pigmentation variation. The human genome contains a pseudogene similar to the 3' half of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds. Catalyzes the initial and rate limiting step in the cascade of reactions leading to melanin production from tyrosine. In addition to hydroxylating tyrosine to DOPA (3,4- dihydroxyphenylalanine), also catalyzes the oxidation of DOPA to DOPA-quinone, and possibly the oxidation of DHI (5,6- dihydroxyindole) to indole-5,6 quinone. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P11344}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|Tyrosinase|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|monophenol monooxygenase activity|
|melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine|
|eye pigment metabolic process|
|pigment metabolic process involved in pigmentation|
|pigment metabolic process involved in developmental pigmentation|
|eye pigment biosynthetic process|
|eye pigmentation|
|tyrosine metabolic process|
|melanin biosynthetic process|
|melanosome membrane|
|melanin metabolic process|
|Golgi-associated vesicle|
|secondary metabolite biosynthetic process|
|response to vitamin D|
|phenol-containing compound biosynthetic process|
|aromatic amino acid family metabolic process|
|developmental pigmentation|
|thymus development|
|pigment biosynthetic process|
|secondary metabolic process|
|copper ion binding|
|pigment metabolic process|
|phenol-containing compound metabolic process|
|response to vitamin|
|pigmentation|
|response to cAMP|
|melanosome|
|response to organophosphorus|
|response to UV|
|response to purine-containing compound|
|organic hydroxy compound biosynthetic process|
|alpha-amino acid metabolic process|
|response to nutrient|
|visual perception|
|sensory perception of light stimulus|
|lysosome|
|response to light stimulus|
|cellular amino acid metabolic process|
|gland development|
|response to radiation|
|organic hydroxy compound metabolic process|
|protein heterodimerization activity|
|response to nutrient levels|
|response to extracellular stimulus|
|cell population proliferation|
|hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development|
|immune system development|
|intracellular membrane-bounded organelle|
|perinuclear region of cytoplasm|
|response to lipid|
|protein homodimerization activity|
|carboxylic acid metabolic process|
|response to organic cyclic compound|
|oxidation-reduction process|
|sensory perception|
|response to organonitrogen compound|
|oxoacid metabolic process|
|organic acid metabolic process|
|response to nitrogen compound|
|response to abiotic stimulus|
|aromatic compound biosynthetic process|
|organic cyclic compound biosynthetic process|
|nervous system process|
|response to oxygen-containing compound|
|small molecule metabolic process|
|system process|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
No hits were found.
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 0/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|0/28|
|bone|0/26|
|breast|0/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|0/16|
|kidney|0/21|
|liver|0/20|
|lung|0/75|
|lymphocyte|0/16|
|ovary|0/26|
|pancreas|0/24|
|peripheral nervous system|0/16|
|plasma cell|0/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/24|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|0/29|
|uterus|0/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 8011
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: -1.57 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='TYR Expression in NALM6 Cells: -1.57'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>