FTO [The Human Chemical-Genetic Interaction Map Project]

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======= FTO =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: FTO
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: FTO alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=79068|79068]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9C0B1|Q9C0B1]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=FTO&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20FTO|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/610966|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  This gene is a nuclear protein of the AlkB related non-haem iron and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenase superfamily but the exact physiological function of this gene is not known. Other non-heme iron enzymes function to reverse alkylated DNA and RNA damage by oxidative demethylation. Studies in mice and humans indicate a role in nervous and cardiovascular systems and a strong association with body mass index, obesity risk, and type 2 diabetes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation. Has highest activity towards single- stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, followed by single- stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine. Has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine (PubMed:18775698, PubMed:20376003). Specifically demethylates N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes (PubMed:22002720, PubMed:26458103). Has no activity towards 1- methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA. Requires molecular oxygen, alpha-ketoglutarate and iron. Contributes to the regulation of the global metabolic rate, energy expenditure and energy homeostasis. Contributes to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation (PubMed:18775698, PubMed:20376003). In particular, it is involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and the control of adipocyte differentiation into brown or white fat cells (PubMed:26287746). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18775698, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20376003, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22002720, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26287746, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26458103}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|FTO NTD|
|FTO CTD|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|oxidative single-stranded DNA demethylation|
|oxidative DNA demethylase activity|
|oxidative RNA demethylase activity|
|RNA repair|
|tRNA demethylase activity|
|RNA N6-methyladenosine dioxygenase activity|
|oxidative single-stranded RNA demethylation|
|DNA-N1-methyladenine dioxygenase activity|
|regulation of white fat cell proliferation|
|oxidative DNA demethylation|
|oxidative RNA demethylation|
|DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair|
|regulation of fat cell proliferation|
|regulation of brown fat cell differentiation|
|regulation of respiratory system process|
|DNA demethylation|
|oxidative demethylation|
|regulation of respiratory gaseous exchange|
|ferrous iron binding|
|DNA dealkylation|
|temperature homeostasis|
|mRNA destabilization|
|RNA destabilization|
|adipose tissue development|
|regulation of lipid storage|
|positive regulation of mRNA catabolic process|
|transferase activity|
|demethylation|
|DNA methylation or demethylation|
|regulation of multicellular organism growth|
|positive regulation of mRNA metabolic process|
|DNA modification|
|regulation of fat cell differentiation|
|negative regulation of translation|
|regulation of lipid localization|
|negative regulation of cellular amide metabolic process|
|RNA modification|
|regulation of mRNA stability|
|regulation of RNA stability|
|regulation of mRNA catabolic process|
|connective tissue development|
|multicellular organismal homeostasis|
|regulation of mRNA metabolic process|
|regulation of developmental growth|
|regulation of translation|
|positive regulation of cellular catabolic process|
|nuclear speck|
|regulation of cellular amide metabolic process|
|positive regulation of catabolic process|
|DNA repair|
|posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression|
|regulation of system process|
|regulation of growth|
|DNA metabolic process|
|cellular response to DNA damage stimulus|
|regulation of cellular catabolic process|
|oxidation-reduction process|
|regulation of catabolic process|
|negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process|
|negative regulation of protein metabolic process|
|negative regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of biosynthetic process|
|regulation of cell population proliferation|
|homeostatic process|
|RNA metabolic process|
|cellular response to stress|
|negative regulation of gene expression|
|positive regulation of RNA metabolic process|
|tissue development|
|regulation of cell differentiation|
|positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp485|GSK626616 14μM R08 exp485]]|-2.77|
|[[:results:exp6|Bortezomib 0.005μM R00 exp6]]|1.7|
|[[:results:exp218|A-395 10μM R05 exp218]]|1.82|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 0/726
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|0/28|
|bone|0/25|
|breast|0/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|0/15|
|kidney|0/21|
|liver|0/20|
|lung|0/75|
|lymphocyte|0/14|
|ovary|0/26|
|pancreas|0/24|
|peripheral nervous system|0/16|
|plasma cell|0/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/24|
|soft tissue|0/7|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|0/29|
|uterus|0/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 5629
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: 5.24 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='FTO Expression in NALM6 Cells: 5.24'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>