GAL [The Human Chemical-Genetic Interaction Map Project]

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======= GAL =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: GAL
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: galanin and GMAP prepropeptide
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=51083|51083]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P22466|P22466]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=GAL&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20GAL|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/137035|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  This gene encodes a neuroendocrine peptide that is widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and also the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, adrenal gland and urogenital tract. The encoded protein is a precursor that is proteolytically processed to generate two mature peptides: galanin and galanin message-associated peptide (GMAP). Galanin has diverse physiological functions including nociception, feeding and energy homeostasis, osmotic regulation and water balance. GMAP has been demonstrated to possess antifungal activity and hypothesized to be part of the innate immune system. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  Endocrine hormone of the central and peripheral nervous systems that binds and activates the G protein-coupled receptors GALR1, GALR2, and GALR3. This small neuropeptide may regulate diverse physiologic functions including contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract, growth hormone and insulin release and adrenal secretion. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1370155, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1722333, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25691535}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|Galanin|
|GMAP|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|regulation of root morphogenesis|
|regulation of plant epidermal cell differentiation|
|type 1 galanin receptor binding|
|type 2 galanin receptor binding|
|regulation of plant organ morphogenesis|
|regulation of root hair elongation|
|negative regulation of plant organ morphogenesis|
|negative regulation of root hair elongation|
|type 3 galanin receptor binding|
|negative regulation of plant epidermal cell differentiation|
|regulation of root development|
|positive regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity|
|regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity|
|positive regulation of timing of catagen|
|regulation of timing of catagen|
|positive regulation of cortisol secretion|
|positive regulation of hair follicle maturation|
|regulation of cortisol secretion|
|positive regulation of glucocorticoid secretion|
|negative regulation of cell maturation|
|positive regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion|
|regulation of hair follicle maturation|
|regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process|
|galanin receptor activity|
|regulation of glucocorticoid secretion|
|positive regulation of steroid hormone secretion|
|positive regulation of hair follicle development|
|positive regulation of hair cycle|
|protein kinase A signaling|
|regulation of corticosteroid hormone secretion|
|regulation of steroid hormone secretion|
|regulation of hair follicle development|
|regulation of cell maturation|
|positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity|
|response to immobilization stress|
|neuropeptide hormone activity|
|regulation of hair cycle|
|positive regulation of response to drug|
|regulation of hormone metabolic process|
|positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport|
|insulin secretion|
|positive regulation of epidermis development|
|regulation of endocrine process|
|positive regulation of potassium ion transport|
|regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transporter activity|
|peptide hormone secretion|
|positive regulation of lipid transport|
|positive regulation of cation channel activity|
|hormone secretion|
|negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation|
|negative regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation|
|response to estrogen|
|negative regulation of leukocyte proliferation|
|regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport|
|hormone transport|
|positive regulation of lipid localization|
|feeding behavior|
|regulation of epidermis development|
|secretory granule|
|regulation of potassium ion transport|
|regulation of response to drug|
|positive regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity|
|negative regulation of developmental growth|
|neuropeptide signaling pathway|
|regulation of lipid transport|
|positive regulation of transporter activity|
|regulation of steroid metabolic process|
|positive regulation of hormone secretion|
|regulation of lipid localization|
|positive regulation of cation transmembrane transport|
|negative regulation of lymphocyte activation|
|cAMP-mediated signaling|
|positive regulation of ion transmembrane transport|
|protein secretion|
|establishment of protein localization to extracellular region|
|protein localization to extracellular region|
|signal release|
|cyclic-nucleotide-mediated signaling|
|regulation of cation channel activity|
|peptide secretion|
|negative regulation of leukocyte activation|
|negative regulation of cell growth|
|negative regulation of cell activation|
|positive regulation of transmembrane transport|
|regulation of lymphocyte proliferation|
|regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation|
|regulation of leukocyte proliferation|
|response to insulin|
|negative regulation of growth|
|regulation of ion transmembrane transporter activity|
|regulation of transmembrane transporter activity|
|regulation of hormone secretion|
|positive regulation of ion transport|
|regulation of transporter activity|
|regulation of developmental growth|
|regulation of cation transmembrane transport|
|negative regulation of cell development|
|second-messenger-mediated signaling|
|neuronal cell body|
|regulation of metal ion transport|
|response to peptide hormone|
|regulation of lipid metabolic process|
|positive regulation of secretion by cell|
|regulation of cell growth|
|positive regulation of secretion|
|negative regulation of immune system process|
|response to peptide|
|regulation of ion transmembrane transport|
|inflammatory response|
|regulation of lymphocyte activation|
|regulation of hormone levels|
|regulation of transmembrane transport|
|behavior|
|regulation of system process|
|regulation of leukocyte activation|
|regulation of cell activation|
|positive regulation of apoptotic process|
|positive regulation of programmed cell death|
|regulation of growth|
|negative regulation of cell population proliferation|
|positive regulation of cell death|
|regulation of ion transport|
|negative regulation of cell differentiation|
|regulation of secretion by cell|
|regulation of secretion|
|response to hormone|
|regulation of cell development|
|negative regulation of developmental process|
|Golgi apparatus|
|positive regulation of transport|
|response to organonitrogen compound|
|secretion by cell|
|response to drug|
|export from cell|
|regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis|
|response to nitrogen compound|
|cell-cell signaling|
|secretion|
|negative regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II|
|G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway|
|defense response|
|positive regulation of developmental process|
|response to endogenous stimulus|
|protein transport|
|peptide transport|
|positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated|
|regulation of apoptotic process|
|response to oxygen-containing compound|
|regulation of programmed cell death|
|amide transport|
|extracellular space|
|establishment of protein localization|
|regulation of cell population proliferation|
|positive regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription|
|positive regulation of RNA biosynthetic process|
|regulation of immune system process|
|regulation of cell death|
|intracellular signal transduction|
|positive regulation of RNA metabolic process|
|positive regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|positive regulation of molecular function|
|regulation of cell differentiation|
|positive regulation of cell communication|
|positive regulation of signaling|
|nitrogen compound transport|
|regulation of transport|
|positive regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process|
|positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|extracellular region|
|positive regulation of cellular biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of gene expression|
|positive regulation of biosynthetic process|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp50|Nicotinamide 2000μM R01 exp50]]|-1.94|
|[[:results:exp149|SB203580 25μM R03 exp149]]|-1.84|
|[[:results:exp49|NFN1 0.1μM R01 exp49]]|-1.72|
|[[:results:exp335|Aminopterin 0.005μM R07 exp335]]|-1.7|
|[[:results:exp14|Cycloheximide 0.02μM R00 exp14]]|-1.7|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 1/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|0/28|
|bone|0/26|
|breast|0/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|0/16|
|kidney|0/21|
|liver|0/20|
|lung|0/75|
|lymphocyte|0/16|
|ovary|0/26|
|pancreas|0/24|
|peripheral nervous system|1/16|
|plasma cell|0/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/24|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|0/29|
|uterus|0/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 17236
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: -5.6 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='GAL Expression in NALM6 Cells: -5.6'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>