GAPDH [The Human Chemical-Genetic Interaction Map Project]

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======= GAPDH =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: GAPDH
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=2597|2597]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P04406|P04406]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=GAPDH&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20GAPDH|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/138400|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  This gene encodes a member of the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase protein family. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. The product of this gene catalyzes an important energy-yielding step in carbohydrate metabolism, the reversible oxidative phosphorylation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate in the presence of inorganic phosphate and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD). The encoded protein has additionally been identified to have uracil DNA glycosylase activity in the nucleus. Also, this protein contains a peptide that has antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. Studies of a similar protein in mouse have assigned a variety of additional functions including nitrosylation of nuclear proteins, the regulation of mRNA stability, and acting as a transferrin receptor on the cell surface of macrophage. Many pseudogenes similar to this locus are present in the human genome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  Has both glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and nitrosylase activities, thereby playing a role in glycolysis and nuclear functions, respectively. Participates in nuclear events including transcription, RNA transport, DNA replication and apoptosis. Nuclear functions are probably due to the nitrosylase activity that mediates cysteine S-nitrosylation of nuclear target proteins such as SIRT1, HDAC2 and PRKDC. Modulates the organization and assembly of the cytoskeleton. Facilitates the CHP1-dependent microtubule and membrane associations through its ability to stimulate the binding of CHP1 to microtubules (By similarity). Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in glycolysis that catalyzes the first step of the pathway by converting D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) into 3-phospho-D- glyceroyl phosphate. Component of the GAIT (gamma interferon- activated inhibitor of translation) complex which mediates interferon-gamma-induced transcript-selective translation inhibition in inflammation processes. Upon interferon-gamma treatment assembles into the GAIT complex which binds to stem loop-containing GAIT elements in the 3'-UTR of diverse inflammatory mRNAs (such as ceruplasmin) and suppresses their translation. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11724794, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23071094, ECO:0000269|PubMed:3170585}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|Gp dh N|
|Gp dh C|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|positive regulation of apoptotic process in other organism|
|peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase activity|
|positive regulation by organism of apoptotic process in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction|
|glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (NAD+) (phosphorylating) activity|
|peptidyl-cysteine S-trans-nitrosylation|
|positive regulation by symbiont of host apoptotic process|
|positive regulation by symbiont of host programmed cell death|
|killing by symbiont of host cells|
|positive regulation by organism of programmed cell death in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction|
|disruption by symbiont of host cell|
|GAIT complex|
|aspartic-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity|
|modulation of apoptotic process in other organism|
|modulation of programmed cell death in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction|
|peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation|
|protein nitrosylation|
|modulation of programmed cell death in other organism|
|modulation by organism of apoptotic process in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction|
|modulation by symbiont of host apoptotic process|
|modulation by symbiont of host programmed cell death|
|killing by host of symbiont cells|
|disruption by host of symbiont cells|
|killing of cells in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction|
|disruption of cells of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction|
|positive regulation of killing of cells of other organism|
|regulation of killing of cells of other organism|
|modulation by symbiont of host cellular process|
|glucose catabolic process to pyruvate|
|canonical glycolysis|
|NADH regeneration|
|glycolytic process through fructose-6-phosphate|
|glycolytic process through glucose-6-phosphate|
|glucose catabolic process|
|disordered domain specific binding|
|NADH metabolic process|
|defense response to fungus|
|NADP binding|
|peptidyl-cysteine modification|
|NAD binding|
|glycolytic process|
|modification by symbiont of host morphology or physiology|
|ATP generation from ADP|
|neuron apoptotic process|
|gluconeogenesis|
|NAD metabolic process|
|hexose biosynthetic process|
|response to fungus|
|disruption of cells of other organism|
|killing of cells of other organism|
|ADP metabolic process|
|neuron death|
|hexose catabolic process|
|monosaccharide biosynthetic process|
|nucleoside diphosphate phosphorylation|
|purine nucleoside diphosphate metabolic process|
|monosaccharide catabolic process|
|nucleotide phosphorylation|
|purine ribonucleoside diphosphate metabolic process|
|ribonucleoside diphosphate metabolic process|
|antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide|
|positive regulation of cell killing|
|pyruvate metabolic process|
|modification by host of symbiont morphology or physiology|
|interaction with symbiont|
|lipid droplet|
|nucleoside diphosphate metabolic process|
|cell killing|
|regulation of cell killing|
|modification of morphology or physiology of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction|
|antimicrobial humoral response|
|glucose metabolic process|
|carbohydrate catabolic process|
|carbohydrate biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of translation|
|positive regulation of cytokine secretion|
|vesicle|
|negative regulation of cellular amide metabolic process|
|microtubule cytoskeleton|
|ribonucleoprotein complex|
|modification of morphology or physiology of other organism|
|hexose metabolic process|
|interaction with host|
|cellular response to interferon-gamma|
|regulation of macroautophagy|
|protein stabilization|
|response to interferon-gamma|
|monosaccharide metabolic process|
|regulation of cytokine secretion|
|ATP metabolic process|
|regulation of symbiosis, encompassing mutualism through parasitism|
|microtubule binding|
|nuclear membrane|
|negative regulation of endopeptidase activity|
|negative regulation of peptidase activity|
|positive regulation of protein secretion|
|regulation of protein stability|
|positive regulation of peptide secretion|
|purine ribonucleotide metabolic process|
|ribonucleotide metabolic process|
|purine nucleotide metabolic process|
|regulation of autophagy|
|ribose phosphate metabolic process|
|humoral immune response|
|regulation of translation|
|negative regulation of proteolysis|
|purine-containing compound metabolic process|
|positive regulation of secretion by cell|
|regulation of cellular amide metabolic process|
|regulation of endopeptidase activity|
|generation of precursor metabolites and energy|
|positive regulation of protein transport|
|positive regulation of secretion|
|small molecule catabolic process|
|regulation of peptidase activity|
|nucleotide metabolic process|
|positive regulation of cytokine production|
|nucleoside phosphate metabolic process|
|negative regulation of hydrolase activity|
|positive regulation of establishment of protein localization|
|regulation of protein secretion|
|carbohydrate metabolic process|
|microtubule cytoskeleton organization|
|regulation of peptide secretion|
|positive regulation of multi-organism process|
|posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression|
|monocarboxylic acid metabolic process|
|nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process|
|small molecule biosynthetic process|
|positive regulation of apoptotic process|
|positive regulation of programmed cell death|
|microtubule-based process|
|intracellular membrane-bounded organelle|
|regulation of cytokine production|
|positive regulation of cell death|
|perinuclear region of cytoplasm|
|regulation of protein transport|
|regulation of proteolysis|
|regulation of peptide transport|
|regulation of establishment of protein localization|
|regulation of secretion by cell|
|innate immune response|
|regulation of multi-organism process|
|symbiotic process|
|negative regulation of catalytic activity|
|regulation of secretion|
|interspecies interaction between organisms|
|regulation of cellular catabolic process|
|peptidyl-amino acid modification|
|organophosphate metabolic process|
|carboxylic acid metabolic process|
|apoptotic process|
|defense response to other organism|
|oxidation-reduction process|
|positive regulation of transport|
|regulation of catabolic process|
|oxoacid metabolic process|
|cellular response to cytokine stimulus|
|organic acid metabolic process|
|regulation of protein localization|
|carbohydrate derivative metabolic process|
|negative regulation of cellular protein metabolic process|
|programmed cell death|
|identical protein binding|
|cell death|
|response to cytokine|
|negative regulation of protein metabolic process|
|cytoskeleton organization|
|negative regulation of molecular function|
|regulation of hydrolase activity|
|phosphorylation|
|response to other organism|
|response to external biotic stimulus|
|response to biotic stimulus|
|defense response|
|negative regulation of cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process|
|negative regulation of cellular biosynthetic process|
|regulation of apoptotic process|
|negative regulation of biosynthetic process|
|regulation of programmed cell death|
|regulation of cell death|
|negative regulation of gene expression|
|positive regulation of multicellular organismal process|
|small molecule metabolic process|
|organic substance catabolic process|
|regulation of transport|
|immune response|
|membrane|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp344|Chlorpromazine 10μM R07 exp344]]|-2.13|
|[[:results:exp499|LY2090314 0.003μM R08 exp499]]|-1.91|
|[[:results:exp436|Dynasore 7μM R08 exp436]]|-1.82|
|[[:results:exp232|Epothilone-D 0.004 to 0.006μM on day4 R05 exp232]]|-1.8|
|[[:results:exp486|Heregulin-B 44ng/ml R08 exp486]]|-1.75|
|[[:results:exp349|Cytochalasin-B 5μM R07 exp349]]|1.78|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 578/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|0/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|21/28|
|blood|22/28|
|bone|24/26|
|breast|20/33|
|central nervous system|51/56|
|cervix|3/4|
|colorectal|14/17|
|esophagus|10/13|
|fibroblast|1/1|
|gastric|10/16|
|kidney|16/21|
|liver|15/20|
|lung|57/75|
|lymphocyte|15/16|
|ovary|17/26|
|pancreas|18/24|
|peripheral nervous system|13/16|
|plasma cell|11/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|21/24|
|soft tissue|8/9|
|thyroid|2/2|
|upper aerodigestive|16/22|
|urinary tract|22/29|
|uterus|2/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 232
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: 10.79 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='GAPDH Expression in NALM6 Cells: 10.79'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>