IDO1

Gene Information

Official Symbol: IDO1
Official Name: indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1
Aliases and Previous Symbols: N/A
Entrez ID: 3620
UniProt: P14902
Interactions: BioGRID
PubMed articles: Open PubMed
OMIM: Open OMIM

Function Summary

Entrez Summary: This gene encodes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) - a heme enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in tryptophan catabolism to N-formyl-kynurenine. This enzyme acts on multiple tryptophan substrates including D-tryptophan, L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxy-tryptophan, tryptamine, and serotonin. This enzyme is thought to play a role in a variety of pathophysiological processes such as antimicrobial and antitumor defense, neuropathology, immunoregulation, and antioxidant activity. Through its expression in dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages this enzyme modulates T-cell behavior by its peri-cellular catabolization of the essential amino acid tryptophan.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011].
UniProt Summary: Catalyzes the first and rate limiting step of the catabolism of the essential amino acid tryptophan along the kynurenine pathway (PubMed:17671174). Involved in the peripheral immune tolerance, contributing to maintain homeostasis by preventing autoimmunity or immunopathology that would result from uncontrolled and overreacting immune responses (PubMed:25691885). Tryptophan shortage inhibits T lymphocytes division and accumulation of tryptophan catabolites induces T-cell apoptosis and differentiation of regulatory T-cells (PubMed:25691885). Acts as a suppressor of anti-tumor immunity (PubMed:23103127, PubMed:25157255, PubMed:14502282, PubMed:25691885). Limits the growth of intracellular pathogens by depriving tryptophan (PubMed:25691885). Protects the fetus from maternal immune rejection (PubMed:25691885). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14502282, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17671174, ECO:0000303|PubMed:23103127, ECO:0000303|PubMed:25157255, ECO:0000303|PubMed:25691885}.

Pfam Domains GO Terms

CRISPR Data

Compound Hit Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)

Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 0/726

Tissue	Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential
1290807.0	0/1
909776.0	0/1
bile duct	0/28
blood	0/28
bone	0/25
breast	0/33
central nervous system	0/56
cervix	0/4
colorectal	0/17
esophagus	0/13
fibroblast	0/1
gastric	0/15
kidney	0/21
liver	0/20
lung	0/75
lymphocyte	0/14
ovary	0/26
pancreas	0/24
peripheral nervous system	0/16
plasma cell	0/15
prostate	0/1
skin	0/24
soft tissue	0/7
thyroid	0/2
upper aerodigestive	0/22
urinary tract	0/29
uterus	0/5

Essentiality in NALM6

Essentiality Rank: 15137
Expression level (log2 read counts): -3.42

Expression Distribution

swimming behavior
kynurenic acid biosynthetic process
kynurenic acid metabolic process
indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity
tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity
cytokine production involved in inflammatory response
positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response
smooth muscle contractile fiber
stereocilium bundle
tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine
positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction
de novo NAD biosynthetic process from tryptophan
de novo NAD biosynthetic process
regulation of T cell tolerance induction
positive regulation of tolerance induction
regulation of chronic inflammatory response
tryptophan catabolic process
indole-containing compound catabolic process
indolalkylamine catabolic process
kynurenine metabolic process
tryptophan metabolic process
positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process
production of molecular mediator involved in inflammatory response
regulation of tolerance induction
positive regulation of type 2 immune response
indolalkylamine metabolic process
negative regulation of interleukin-10 production
negative regulation of T cell apoptotic process
positive regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process
cellular biogenic amine catabolic process
amine catabolic process
indole-containing compound metabolic process
benzene-containing compound metabolic process
positive regulation of leukocyte apoptotic process
aromatic amino acid family catabolic process
negative regulation of lymphocyte apoptotic process
NAD biosynthetic process
regulation of type 2 immune response
nicotinamide nucleotide biosynthetic process
pyridine nucleotide biosynthetic process