NEIL1

Entrez Summary: N/A
UniProt Summary: Involved in base excision repair of DNA damaged by oxidation or by mutagenic agents. Acts as DNA glycosylase that recognizes and removes damaged bases. Has a preference for oxidized pyrimidines, such as thymine glycol, formamidopyrimidine (Fapy) and 5-hydroxyuracil. Has marginal activity towards 8- oxoguanine. Has AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) lyase activity and introduces nicks in the DNA strand. Cleaves the DNA backbone by beta-delta elimination to generate a single-strand break at the site of the removed base with both 3'- and 5'-phosphates. Has DNA glycosylase/lyase activity towards mismatched uracil and thymine, in particular in U:C and T:C mismatches. Specifically binds 5- hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), suggesting that it acts as a specific reader of 5hmC. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11904416, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12200441, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12509226, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14522990}.

Pfam Domains GO Terms

Compound Hit Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)

Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 0/739

Tissue	Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential
1290807.0	0/1
909776.0	0/1
bile duct	0/28
blood	0/28
bone	0/26
breast	0/33
central nervous system	0/56
cervix	0/4
colorectal	0/17
esophagus	0/13
fibroblast	0/1
gastric	0/16
kidney	0/21
liver	0/20
lung	0/75
lymphocyte	0/16
ovary	0/26
pancreas	0/24
peripheral nervous system	0/16
plasma cell	0/15
prostate	0/1
skin	0/24
soft tissue	0/9
thyroid	0/2
upper aerodigestive	0/22
urinary tract	0/29
uterus	0/5

Expression Distribution

hydrolase activity, acting on glycosyl bonds
negative regulation of nuclease activity
depyrimidination
base-excision repair, AP site formation
class I DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity
DNA N-glycosylase activity
DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) endonuclease activity
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide catabolic process
pyrimidine nucleotide catabolic process
pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide metabolic process
deoxyribonucleotide catabolic process
deoxyribose phosphate catabolic process
regulation of nuclease activity
2-deoxyribonucleotide metabolic process
deoxyribose phosphate metabolic process
deoxyribonucleotide metabolic process
base-excision repair
pyrimidine-containing compound catabolic process
damaged DNA binding
pyrimidine nucleotide metabolic process
nucleotide catabolic process
nucleoside phosphate catabolic process
DNA modification
nucleobase-containing small molecule biosynthetic process
pyrimidine-containing compound metabolic process
nucleotide-excision repair
chromosome
organophosphate catabolic process
microtubule organizing center
protein C-terminus binding
carbohydrate derivative catabolic process
nucleobase-containing compound catabolic process
response to oxidative stress
heterocycle catabolic process
cellular nitrogen compound catabolic process
aromatic compound catabolic process
nucleotide metabolic process
nucleoside phosphate metabolic process
negative regulation of hydrolase activity
organic cyclic compound catabolic process