DROSHA [The Human Chemical-Genetic Interaction Map Project]

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======= DROSHA =======


== Gene Information ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Symbol</color>**: DROSHA
  * **<color #00a2e8>Official Name</color>**: drosha ribonuclease III
  * **<color #00a2e8>Aliases and Previous Symbols</color>**: N/A
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez ID</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/?term=29102|29102]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt</color>**: [[https://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/Q9NRR4|Q9NRR4]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>Interactions</color>**: [[https://thebiogrid.org/search.php?search=DROSHA&organism=9606|BioGRID]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>PubMed articles</color>**: [[https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=gene%20DROSHA|Open PubMed]]
  * **<color #00a2e8>OMIM</color>**: [[https://omim.org/entry/608828|Open OMIM]]

== Function Summary ==
  * **<color #00a2e8>Entrez Summary</color>**:  This gene encodes a ribonuclease (RNase) III double-stranded RNA-specific ribonuclease and subunit of the microprocessor protein complex, which catalyzes the initial processing step of microRNA (miRNA) synthesis. The encoded protein cleaves the stem loop structure from the primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) in the nucleus, yielding the precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is then exported to the cytoplasm for further processing. In a human cell line lacking a functional copy of this gene, canonical miRNA synthesis is reduced. Somatic mutations in this gene have been observed in human patients with kidney cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2016]. 
  * **<color #00a2e8>UniProt Summary</color>**:  Ribonuclease III double-stranded (ds) RNA-specific endoribonuclease that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. Within the microprocessor complex, DROSHA cleaves the 3' and 5' strands of a stem-loop in pri-miRNAs (processing center 11 bp from the dsRNA- ssRNA junction) to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs that are subsequently cut by the cytoplasmic DICER to generate mature miRNAs. Involved also in pre-rRNA processing. Cleaves double- strand RNA and does not cleave single-strand RNA. Involved in the formation of GW bodies. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10948199, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14508493, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15531877, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15565168, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15574589, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15589161, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16751099, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16906129, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17159994, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26027739, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26748718}.

<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='Pfam_Domains'>Pfam Domains</button>
<button type='primary' size='sm' modal='GO_terms'>GO Terms</button>


<modal id='Pfam_Domains' size='lg' title='Pfam Domains'>
|dsrm|
|Ribonuclease 3|
</modal>

<modal id='GO_terms' size='lg' title='GO Terms'>
|microprocessor complex|
|ribonuclease III activity|
|primary miRNA binding|
|DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding|
|primary miRNA processing|
|regulation of miRNA metabolic process|
|production of siRNA involved in RNA interference|
|pre-miRNA processing|
|RNA interference|
|rRNA catabolic process|
|miRNA metabolic process|
|R-SMAD binding|
|ncRNA catabolic process|
|production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA|
|regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation|
|dsRNA processing|
|production of small RNA involved in gene silencing by RNA|
|lipopolysaccharide binding|
|gene silencing by miRNA|
|SMAD binding|
|posttranscriptional gene silencing by RNA|
|posttranscriptional gene silencing|
|double-stranded RNA binding|
|RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, endonucleolytic|
|defense response to Gram-negative bacterium|
|gene silencing by RNA|
|defense response to Gram-positive bacterium|
|regulation of T cell differentiation|
|gene silencing|
|RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis|
|regulation of lymphocyte differentiation|
|rRNA metabolic process|
|regulation of gene expression, epigenetic|
|RNA catabolic process|
|postsynaptic density|
|regulation of leukocyte differentiation|
|nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis|
|ribosome biogenesis|
|regulation of T cell activation|
|defense response to bacterium|
|regulation of inflammatory response|
|nucleobase-containing compound catabolic process|
|ncRNA processing|
|heterocycle catabolic process|
|cellular nitrogen compound catabolic process|
|aromatic compound catabolic process|
|regulation of hemopoiesis|
|ribonucleoprotein complex biogenesis|
|ncRNA metabolic process|
|organic cyclic compound catabolic process|
|regulation of lymphocyte activation|
|posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression|
|regulation of leukocyte activation|
|regulation of cell activation|
|response to bacterium|
|regulation of defense response|
|nucleolus|
|RNA processing|
|protein homodimerization activity|
|cellular macromolecule catabolic process|
|defense response to other organism|
|macromolecule catabolic process|
|regulation of response to external stimulus|
|response to other organism|
|response to external biotic stimulus|
|response to biotic stimulus|
|defense response|
|RNA binding|
|regulation of response to stress|
|regulation of immune system process|
|RNA metabolic process|
|negative regulation of gene expression|
|organic substance catabolic process|
|cellular catabolic process|
|regulation of cell differentiation|
|positive regulation of gene expression|
|gene expression|
</modal>
\\

 === CRISPR Data ===
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Compound_Hit'>Compound Hit</button>
<button type='default' size='small' modal='Most_Correlated_Genes'>Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics</button>
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Essential_Avana'>Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)</button>

<modal id='Compound_Hit' size='lg' title='Compound Hit'>
^Screen^Score^
|[[:results:exp82|Torin1 0.08μM R02 exp82]]|-2.2|
|[[:results:exp100|NFN1 1μM R03 exp100]]|1.73|
|[[:results:exp14|Cycloheximide 0.02μM R00 exp14]]|1.92|
|[[:results:exp152|SGC2043 10μM R03 exp152]]|2.08|
|[[:results:exp514|Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate 0.57μM R08 exp514]]|2.08|
</modal>

<modal id='Most_Correlated_Genes' size='lg' title='Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics'>
No correlation found to any other genes in chemogenomics.
</modal>

<modal id='Essential_Avana' size='lg' title='Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)'>
Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 6/739
^Tissue^Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential^
|1290807.0|1/1|
|909776.0|0/1|
|bile duct|0/28|
|blood|1/28|
|bone|0/26|
|breast|2/33|
|central nervous system|0/56|
|cervix|0/4|
|colorectal|0/17|
|esophagus|0/13|
|fibroblast|0/1|
|gastric|0/16|
|kidney|0/21|
|liver|0/20|
|lung|0/75|
|lymphocyte|1/16|
|ovary|1/26|
|pancreas|0/24|
|peripheral nervous system|0/16|
|plasma cell|0/15|
|prostate|0/1|
|skin|0/24|
|soft tissue|0/9|
|thyroid|0/2|
|upper aerodigestive|0/22|
|urinary tract|0/29|
|uterus|0/5|
</modal>

== Essentiality in NALM6  ==
    * **<color #00a2e8>Essentiality Rank</color>**: 473
    * **<color #00a2e8>Expression level (log2 read counts)</color>**: 6.49 
<button type='primary' size='small' modal='Dist_expr'>Expression Distribution</button>
<modal id='Dist_expr' size='lg' title='DROSHA Expression in NALM6 Cells: 6.49'>
{{:chemogenomics:nalm6 dist.png?nolink |}}
</modal>