DROSHA

Gene Information

Official Symbol: DROSHA
Official Name: drosha ribonuclease III
Aliases and Previous Symbols: N/A
Entrez ID: 29102
UniProt: Q9NRR4
Interactions: BioGRID
PubMed articles: Open PubMed
OMIM: Open OMIM

Function Summary

Entrez Summary: This gene encodes a ribonuclease (RNase) III double-stranded RNA-specific ribonuclease and subunit of the microprocessor protein complex, which catalyzes the initial processing step of microRNA (miRNA) synthesis. The encoded protein cleaves the stem loop structure from the primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) in the nucleus, yielding the precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA), which is then exported to the cytoplasm for further processing. In a human cell line lacking a functional copy of this gene, canonical miRNA synthesis is reduced. Somatic mutations in this gene have been observed in human patients with kidney cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2016].
UniProt Summary: Ribonuclease III double-stranded (ds) RNA-specific endoribonuclease that is involved in the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. Component of the microprocessor complex that is required to process primary miRNA transcripts (pri-miRNAs) to release precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) in the nucleus. Within the microprocessor complex, DROSHA cleaves the 3' and 5' strands of a stem-loop in pri-miRNAs (processing center 11 bp from the dsRNA- ssRNA junction) to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs that are subsequently cut by the cytoplasmic DICER to generate mature miRNAs. Involved also in pre-rRNA processing. Cleaves double- strand RNA and does not cleave single-strand RNA. Involved in the formation of GW bodies. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10948199, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14508493, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15531877, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15565168, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15574589, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15589161, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16751099, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16906129, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17159994, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26027739, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26748718}.

Pfam Domains GO Terms

CRISPR Data

Compound Hit Most Correlated Genes in Chemogenomics Tissues where Essential in the Avana Dataset (DepMap 20Q1)

Screen	Score
Torin1 0.08μM R02 exp82	-2.2
NFN1 1μM R03 exp100	1.73
Cycloheximide 0.02μM R00 exp14	1.92
SGC2043 10μM R03 exp152	2.08
Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate 0.57μM R08 exp514	2.08

Global Fraction of Cell Lines Where Essential: 6/739

Tissue	Fraction Of Cell Lines Where Essential
1290807.0	1/1
909776.0	0/1
bile duct	0/28
blood	1/28
bone	0/26
breast	2/33
central nervous system	0/56
cervix	0/4
colorectal	0/17
esophagus	0/13
fibroblast	0/1
gastric	0/16
kidney	0/21
liver	0/20
lung	0/75
lymphocyte	1/16
ovary	1/26
pancreas	0/24
peripheral nervous system	0/16
plasma cell	0/15
prostate	0/1
skin	0/24
soft tissue	0/9
thyroid	0/2
upper aerodigestive	0/22
urinary tract	0/29
uterus	0/5

Essentiality in NALM6

Essentiality Rank: 473
Expression level (log2 read counts): 6.49

Expression Distribution

dsrm
Ribonuclease 3

microprocessor complex
ribonuclease III activity
primary miRNA binding
DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding
primary miRNA processing
regulation of miRNA metabolic process
production of siRNA involved in RNA interference
pre-miRNA processing
RNA interference
rRNA catabolic process
miRNA metabolic process
R-SMAD binding
ncRNA catabolic process
production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA
regulation of regulatory T cell differentiation
dsRNA processing
production of small RNA involved in gene silencing by RNA
lipopolysaccharide binding
gene silencing by miRNA
SMAD binding
posttranscriptional gene silencing by RNA
posttranscriptional gene silencing
double-stranded RNA binding
RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, endonucleolytic
defense response to Gram-negative bacterium
gene silencing by RNA
defense response to Gram-positive bacterium
regulation of T cell differentiation
gene silencing
RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis
regulation of lymphocyte differentiation
rRNA metabolic process
regulation of gene expression, epigenetic
RNA catabolic process
postsynaptic density
regulation of leukocyte differentiation
nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis
ribosome biogenesis
regulation of T cell activation
defense response to bacterium